Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach
CO2-induced global warming will affect seasonal to decadal temperature patterns. Expected changes will be particularly strong in extratropical regions where temperatures will increase at faster rates than at lower latitudes. Despite that, it is still poorly constrained how precisely short-term clima...
Published in: | Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/43010/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49906 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:43010 2023-05-15T15:22:36+02:00 Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach Walliser, E.O. Lohmann, Gerrit Niezgodzki, Igor Tütken, T. Schöne, B.R. 2016-10-01 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/43010/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49906 unknown ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV Walliser, E. , Lohmann, G. orcid:0000-0003-2089-733X , Niezgodzki, I. orcid:0000-0002-6746-8332 , Tütken, T. and Schöne, B. (2016) Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach , Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 459 , pp. 552-569 . doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033> , hdl:10013/epic.49906 EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 459, pp. 552-569, ISSN: 0031-0182 Article isiRev 2016 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 2021-12-24T15:42:22Z CO2-induced global warming will affect seasonal to decadal temperature patterns. Expected changes will be particularly strong in extratropical regions where temperatures will increase at faster rates than at lower latitudes. Despite that, it is still poorly constrained how precisely short-term climate dynamics will change in a generally warmer world, particularly in nearshore surface waters in the extratropics, i.e., the ecologically most productive regions of the ocean on which many human societies depend. Specifically, a detailed knowledge of the relationship between pCO2 and seasonal SST is crucial to understand interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere. In the present investigation, we have studied for the first time how rising atmospheric pCO2 levels forced surface temperature changes in Central Europe (paleolatitude ~45 °N) during the mid-Oligocene (fromca. 31 to 25Ma), a time interval of Earth history during which global conditions were comparable to those predicted for the next few centuries. For this purpose, we computed numerical climate models for the Oligocene (winter, summer, annual average) assuming an atmospheric carbon dioxide rise from 400 to 560 ppm (current level to two times pre-industrial levels, PAL) and from 400 to 840 ppm (= three times PAL), respectively. These models were compared to seasonally resolved sea surface temperatures (SST) reconstructed from δ18O values of fossil bivalve shells (Glycymeris planicostalis, G. obovata, Palliolum pictum, Arctica islandica and Isognomon maxillata sandbergeri) and shark teeth (Carcharias cuspidata, C. acutissimaand Physogaleus latus) collected fromthe shallow water deposits of the Mainz and Kassel Basins (Germany). Multi-taxon oxygen isotope-based reconstructions suggest a gradual rise of temperatures in surface waters (upper 30 to 40m), on average, by asmuch as 4 °C during the Rupelian stage followed by a 4 °C cooling during the Chattian stage. Seasonal temperature amplitudes increased by ca. 2 °C during the warmest time interval of the Rupelian stage,withwarming beingmore pronounced during summer (5 °C) than during winter (3 °C). According to numerical climate simulations, the warming of surface waters during the early Oligocene required a CO2 increase by at least 160 ppm, i.e., 400 ppm to 560 ppm. Given that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels predicted for the near future will likely exceed this value significantly, the Early Oligocene warming gives a hint of the possible future climate in Central Europe under elevated CO2 levels. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctica islandica Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 459 552 569 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
CO2-induced global warming will affect seasonal to decadal temperature patterns. Expected changes will be particularly strong in extratropical regions where temperatures will increase at faster rates than at lower latitudes. Despite that, it is still poorly constrained how precisely short-term climate dynamics will change in a generally warmer world, particularly in nearshore surface waters in the extratropics, i.e., the ecologically most productive regions of the ocean on which many human societies depend. Specifically, a detailed knowledge of the relationship between pCO2 and seasonal SST is crucial to understand interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere. In the present investigation, we have studied for the first time how rising atmospheric pCO2 levels forced surface temperature changes in Central Europe (paleolatitude ~45 °N) during the mid-Oligocene (fromca. 31 to 25Ma), a time interval of Earth history during which global conditions were comparable to those predicted for the next few centuries. For this purpose, we computed numerical climate models for the Oligocene (winter, summer, annual average) assuming an atmospheric carbon dioxide rise from 400 to 560 ppm (current level to two times pre-industrial levels, PAL) and from 400 to 840 ppm (= three times PAL), respectively. These models were compared to seasonally resolved sea surface temperatures (SST) reconstructed from δ18O values of fossil bivalve shells (Glycymeris planicostalis, G. obovata, Palliolum pictum, Arctica islandica and Isognomon maxillata sandbergeri) and shark teeth (Carcharias cuspidata, C. acutissimaand Physogaleus latus) collected fromthe shallow water deposits of the Mainz and Kassel Basins (Germany). Multi-taxon oxygen isotope-based reconstructions suggest a gradual rise of temperatures in surface waters (upper 30 to 40m), on average, by asmuch as 4 °C during the Rupelian stage followed by a 4 °C cooling during the Chattian stage. Seasonal temperature amplitudes increased by ca. 2 °C during the warmest time interval of the Rupelian stage,withwarming beingmore pronounced during summer (5 °C) than during winter (3 °C). According to numerical climate simulations, the warming of surface waters during the early Oligocene required a CO2 increase by at least 160 ppm, i.e., 400 ppm to 560 ppm. Given that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels predicted for the near future will likely exceed this value significantly, the Early Oligocene warming gives a hint of the possible future climate in Central Europe under elevated CO2 levels. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Walliser, E.O. Lohmann, Gerrit Niezgodzki, Igor Tütken, T. Schöne, B.R. |
spellingShingle |
Walliser, E.O. Lohmann, Gerrit Niezgodzki, Igor Tütken, T. Schöne, B.R. Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
author_facet |
Walliser, E.O. Lohmann, Gerrit Niezgodzki, Igor Tütken, T. Schöne, B.R. |
author_sort |
Walliser, E.O. |
title |
Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
title_short |
Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
title_full |
Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
title_fullStr |
Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
title_sort |
response of central european sst to atmospheric pco2 forcing during the oligocene - a combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach |
publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/43010/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.49906 |
genre |
Arctica islandica |
genre_facet |
Arctica islandica |
op_source |
EPIC3Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 459, pp. 552-569, ISSN: 0031-0182 |
op_relation |
Walliser, E. , Lohmann, G. orcid:0000-0003-2089-733X , Niezgodzki, I. orcid:0000-0002-6746-8332 , Tütken, T. and Schöne, B. (2016) Response of Central European SST to atmospheric pCO2 forcing during the Oligocene - A combined proxy data and numerical climate model approach , Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 459 , pp. 552-569 . doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033> , hdl:10013/epic.49906 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.07.033 |
container_title |
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |
container_volume |
459 |
container_start_page |
552 |
op_container_end_page |
569 |
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1766353237262204928 |