Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming
Arctic West Spitsbergen in Svalbard is currently experiencing gradual warming due to climate change showing decreased landfast sea-ice and increased sedimentation. In order to document possible changes in 2012–2014, we partially repeated a quantitative diving study from 1996 to 1998 in the kelp fore...
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:39413 2023-05-15T14:26:54+02:00 Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming Bartsch, Inka Paar, Martin Fredriksen, Stein Schwanitz, Max Daniel, Claudia Hop, Haakon Wiencke, Christian 2016-01-12 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/39413/ http://www.springer.com/-/3/AVIzAO3DnYabzt6nEDXg https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.46599 unknown SPRINGER Bartsch, I. orcid:0000-0001-7609-2149 , Paar, M. , Fredriksen, S. , Schwanitz, M. , Daniel, C. , Hop, H. and Wiencke, C. (2016) Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming , Polar Biology . doi:10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1> , hdl:10013/epic.46599 EPIC3Polar Biology, SPRINGER, ISSN: 0722-4060 Article isiRev 2016 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1 2021-12-24T15:40:59Z Arctic West Spitsbergen in Svalbard is currently experiencing gradual warming due to climate change showing decreased landfast sea-ice and increased sedimentation. In order to document possible changes in 2012–2014, we partially repeated a quantitative diving study from 1996 to 1998 in the kelp forest at Hansneset, Kongsfjorden, along a depth gradient between 0 and 15 m. The seaweed biomass increased between 1996/1998 and 2012/2013 with peak in kelp biomass shifted to shallower depth, from 5 to 2.5 m. The kelp biomass at 2.5 m was 8.2-fold higher in 2012/2013 (14 kg fresh biomass m-2) than in 1996/1998 and mostly due to an increase in the kelp Laminaria digitata. This resulted in a very high density of 2- to 8-year-old kelp (70 ind. m-2) and a high leaf area index of nearly 10 at 2.5 m. The entire zonation seemed to have shifted upwards to shallower depth, since also the lower depth limit of most dominant brown algae was shallower as well as the biomass maximum of several taxa. The cumulated annual photosynthetic active radiation at 15 m depth (42 mol m-2 year-1) determined the current depth limit of kelps. Changes also resulted in an altered seaweed community pattern. The complex pattern of change was probably driven by opposing effects of coacting environmental drivers, namely lack of ice-scouring, elongation of the open-water period and deterioration of the underwater irradiance climate. The results are interpreted as a consequence of Arctic warming probably reflecting a typical scenario for change along other Arctic shores in near future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Polar Biology Sea ice Svalbard Spitsbergen Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Arctic Svalbard Polar Biology 39 11 2021 2036 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Arctic West Spitsbergen in Svalbard is currently experiencing gradual warming due to climate change showing decreased landfast sea-ice and increased sedimentation. In order to document possible changes in 2012–2014, we partially repeated a quantitative diving study from 1996 to 1998 in the kelp forest at Hansneset, Kongsfjorden, along a depth gradient between 0 and 15 m. The seaweed biomass increased between 1996/1998 and 2012/2013 with peak in kelp biomass shifted to shallower depth, from 5 to 2.5 m. The kelp biomass at 2.5 m was 8.2-fold higher in 2012/2013 (14 kg fresh biomass m-2) than in 1996/1998 and mostly due to an increase in the kelp Laminaria digitata. This resulted in a very high density of 2- to 8-year-old kelp (70 ind. m-2) and a high leaf area index of nearly 10 at 2.5 m. The entire zonation seemed to have shifted upwards to shallower depth, since also the lower depth limit of most dominant brown algae was shallower as well as the biomass maximum of several taxa. The cumulated annual photosynthetic active radiation at 15 m depth (42 mol m-2 year-1) determined the current depth limit of kelps. Changes also resulted in an altered seaweed community pattern. The complex pattern of change was probably driven by opposing effects of coacting environmental drivers, namely lack of ice-scouring, elongation of the open-water period and deterioration of the underwater irradiance climate. The results are interpreted as a consequence of Arctic warming probably reflecting a typical scenario for change along other Arctic shores in near future. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bartsch, Inka Paar, Martin Fredriksen, Stein Schwanitz, Max Daniel, Claudia Hop, Haakon Wiencke, Christian |
spellingShingle |
Bartsch, Inka Paar, Martin Fredriksen, Stein Schwanitz, Max Daniel, Claudia Hop, Haakon Wiencke, Christian Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
author_facet |
Bartsch, Inka Paar, Martin Fredriksen, Stein Schwanitz, Max Daniel, Claudia Hop, Haakon Wiencke, Christian |
author_sort |
Bartsch, Inka |
title |
Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
title_short |
Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
title_full |
Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
title_fullStr |
Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming |
title_sort |
changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in kongsfjorden, svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect arctic warming |
publisher |
SPRINGER |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/39413/ http://www.springer.com/-/3/AVIzAO3DnYabzt6nEDXg https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.46599 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Polar Biology Sea ice Svalbard Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Climate change Kongsfjord* Kongsfjorden Polar Biology Sea ice Svalbard Spitsbergen |
op_source |
EPIC3Polar Biology, SPRINGER, ISSN: 0722-4060 |
op_relation |
Bartsch, I. orcid:0000-0001-7609-2149 , Paar, M. , Fredriksen, S. , Schwanitz, M. , Daniel, C. , Hop, H. and Wiencke, C. (2016) Changes in kelp forest biomass and depth distribution in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, between 1996–1998 and 2012–2014 reflect Arctic warming , Polar Biology . doi:10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1> , hdl:10013/epic.46599 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-015-1870-1 |
container_title |
Polar Biology |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
2021 |
op_container_end_page |
2036 |
_version_ |
1766300374028779520 |