An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations
We characterise the representation of the Southern Ocean water mass structure and sea ice within a suite of 15 global ocean-ice models run with the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiment Phase II (CORE-II) protocol. The main focus is the representation of the present (1988–2007) mode and interme...
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/38980/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500315001420 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.46215 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:38980 2023-05-15T13:40:27+02:00 An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations Downes, S. Farneti, R. Uotila, P. Griffies, S. Marsland, S. Bailey, D. Behrens, E. Bentsen, M. Bi, D. Biastoch, A. Böning, C. Bozec, A. Canuto, V. Chassignet, E. Danabasoglu, G. Danilov, S. Diansky, N. Drange, H. Fogli, P. Gusev, A. Howard, A. Ilicak, M. Jung, T. Kelley, M. Large, W. Leboissetier, A. Long, M. Lu, J. Masina, S. Mishra, A. Navarra, A. Nurser, G. Patara, L Samuels, B. Sidorenko, D. Spence, P. Tsujino, H. Wang, Q. Yeager, S. 2015 https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/38980/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500315001420 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.46215 unknown ELSEVIER SCI LTD Downes, S. , Farneti, R. , Uotila, P. , Griffies, S. , Marsland, S. , Bailey, D. , Behrens, E. , Bentsen, M. , Bi, D. , Biastoch, A. , Böning, C. , Bozec, A. , Canuto, V. , Chassignet, E. , Danabasoglu, G. , Danilov, S. orcid:0000-0001-8098-182X , Diansky, N. , Drange, H. , Fogli, P. , Gusev, A. , Howard, A. , Ilicak, M. , Jung, T. orcid:0000-0002-2651-1293 , Kelley, M. , Large, W. , Leboissetier, A. , Long, M. , Lu, J. , Masina, S. , Mishra, A. , Navarra, A. , Nurser, G. , Patara, L. , Samuels, B. , Sidorenko, D. orcid:0000-0001-8579-6068 , Spence, P. , Tsujino, H. , Wang, Q. orcid:0000-0002-2704-5394 and Yeager, S. (2015) An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations , Ocean Modelling, 94 , pp. 67-94 . doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022> , hdl:10013/epic.46215 EPIC3Ocean Modelling, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 94, pp. 67-94, ISSN: 1463-5003 Article isiRev 2015 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022 2021-12-24T15:40:51Z We characterise the representation of the Southern Ocean water mass structure and sea ice within a suite of 15 global ocean-ice models run with the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiment Phase II (CORE-II) protocol. The main focus is the representation of the present (1988–2007) mode and intermediate waters, thus framing an analysis of winter and summer mixed layer depths; temperature, salinity, and potential vorticity structure; and temporal variability of sea ice distributions. We also consider the interannual variability over the same 20 year period. Comparisons are made between models as well as to observation-based analyses where available. The CORE-II models exhibit several biases relative to Southern Ocean observations, including an underestimation of the model mean mixed layer depths of mode and intermediate water masses in March (associated with greater ocean surface heat gain), and an overestimation in September (associated with greater high latitude ocean heat loss and a more northward winter sea-ice extent). In addition, the models have cold and fresh/warm and salty water column biases centred near 50°S. Over the 1988–2007 period, the CORE-II models consistently simulate spatially variable trends in sea-ice concentration, surface freshwater fluxes, mixed layer depths, and 200–700 m ocean heat content. In particular, sea-ice coverage around most of the Antarctic continental shelf is reduced, leading to a cooling and freshening of the near surface waters. The shoaling of the mixed layer is associated with increased surface buoyancy gain, except in the Pacific where sea ice is also influential. The models are in disagreement, despite the common CORE-II atmospheric state, in their spatial pattern of the 20-year trends in the mixed layer depth and sea-ice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Pacific Ocean Modelling 94 67 94 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
We characterise the representation of the Southern Ocean water mass structure and sea ice within a suite of 15 global ocean-ice models run with the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiment Phase II (CORE-II) protocol. The main focus is the representation of the present (1988–2007) mode and intermediate waters, thus framing an analysis of winter and summer mixed layer depths; temperature, salinity, and potential vorticity structure; and temporal variability of sea ice distributions. We also consider the interannual variability over the same 20 year period. Comparisons are made between models as well as to observation-based analyses where available. The CORE-II models exhibit several biases relative to Southern Ocean observations, including an underestimation of the model mean mixed layer depths of mode and intermediate water masses in March (associated with greater ocean surface heat gain), and an overestimation in September (associated with greater high latitude ocean heat loss and a more northward winter sea-ice extent). In addition, the models have cold and fresh/warm and salty water column biases centred near 50°S. Over the 1988–2007 period, the CORE-II models consistently simulate spatially variable trends in sea-ice concentration, surface freshwater fluxes, mixed layer depths, and 200–700 m ocean heat content. In particular, sea-ice coverage around most of the Antarctic continental shelf is reduced, leading to a cooling and freshening of the near surface waters. The shoaling of the mixed layer is associated with increased surface buoyancy gain, except in the Pacific where sea ice is also influential. The models are in disagreement, despite the common CORE-II atmospheric state, in their spatial pattern of the 20-year trends in the mixed layer depth and sea-ice. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Downes, S. Farneti, R. Uotila, P. Griffies, S. Marsland, S. Bailey, D. Behrens, E. Bentsen, M. Bi, D. Biastoch, A. Böning, C. Bozec, A. Canuto, V. Chassignet, E. Danabasoglu, G. Danilov, S. Diansky, N. Drange, H. Fogli, P. Gusev, A. Howard, A. Ilicak, M. Jung, T. Kelley, M. Large, W. Leboissetier, A. Long, M. Lu, J. Masina, S. Mishra, A. Navarra, A. Nurser, G. Patara, L Samuels, B. Sidorenko, D. Spence, P. Tsujino, H. Wang, Q. Yeager, S. |
spellingShingle |
Downes, S. Farneti, R. Uotila, P. Griffies, S. Marsland, S. Bailey, D. Behrens, E. Bentsen, M. Bi, D. Biastoch, A. Böning, C. Bozec, A. Canuto, V. Chassignet, E. Danabasoglu, G. Danilov, S. Diansky, N. Drange, H. Fogli, P. Gusev, A. Howard, A. Ilicak, M. Jung, T. Kelley, M. Large, W. Leboissetier, A. Long, M. Lu, J. Masina, S. Mishra, A. Navarra, A. Nurser, G. Patara, L Samuels, B. Sidorenko, D. Spence, P. Tsujino, H. Wang, Q. Yeager, S. An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
author_facet |
Downes, S. Farneti, R. Uotila, P. Griffies, S. Marsland, S. Bailey, D. Behrens, E. Bentsen, M. Bi, D. Biastoch, A. Böning, C. Bozec, A. Canuto, V. Chassignet, E. Danabasoglu, G. Danilov, S. Diansky, N. Drange, H. Fogli, P. Gusev, A. Howard, A. Ilicak, M. Jung, T. Kelley, M. Large, W. Leboissetier, A. Long, M. Lu, J. Masina, S. Mishra, A. Navarra, A. Nurser, G. Patara, L Samuels, B. Sidorenko, D. Spence, P. Tsujino, H. Wang, Q. Yeager, S. |
author_sort |
Downes, S. |
title |
An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
title_short |
An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
title_full |
An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
title_fullStr |
An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations |
title_sort |
assessment of southern ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual core-ii simulations |
publisher |
ELSEVIER SCI LTD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/38980/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500315001420 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.46215 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Pacific |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
EPIC3Ocean Modelling, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 94, pp. 67-94, ISSN: 1463-5003 |
op_relation |
Downes, S. , Farneti, R. , Uotila, P. , Griffies, S. , Marsland, S. , Bailey, D. , Behrens, E. , Bentsen, M. , Bi, D. , Biastoch, A. , Böning, C. , Bozec, A. , Canuto, V. , Chassignet, E. , Danabasoglu, G. , Danilov, S. orcid:0000-0001-8098-182X , Diansky, N. , Drange, H. , Fogli, P. , Gusev, A. , Howard, A. , Ilicak, M. , Jung, T. orcid:0000-0002-2651-1293 , Kelley, M. , Large, W. , Leboissetier, A. , Long, M. , Lu, J. , Masina, S. , Mishra, A. , Navarra, A. , Nurser, G. , Patara, L. , Samuels, B. , Sidorenko, D. orcid:0000-0001-8579-6068 , Spence, P. , Tsujino, H. , Wang, Q. orcid:0000-0002-2704-5394 and Yeager, S. (2015) An assessment of Southern Ocean water masses and sea ice during 1988–2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations , Ocean Modelling, 94 , pp. 67-94 . doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022> , hdl:10013/epic.46215 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.022 |
container_title |
Ocean Modelling |
container_volume |
94 |
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67 |
op_container_end_page |
94 |
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1766134722475327488 |