Fast atmospheric response to a sudden thinning of Arctic sea ice

• Published in: Climate Dynamics
• Main Authors: Semmler, Tido, Jung, Thomas, Serrar, Soumia
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: SPRINGER 2016
• Subjects: Arctic; Sea ice; Siberia
• Online Access: https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/37901/; https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/37901/1/Semmler_2016.pdf; https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.45483; https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.45483.d001

In order to understand the influence of a thinner Arctic sea ice on the wintertime atmosphere, idealized ensemble experiments with increased sea ice surface temperature have been carried out with the Integrated Forecast System of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The focus is on the fast atmospheric response to a sudden “thinning” of Arctic sea ice to disentangle the role of various different processes. We found that boundary layer turbulence is the most important process that distributes anomalous heat vertically. Anomalous longwave radiation plays an important role within the first few days before temperatures in the lower troposphere had time to adjust. The dynamic response tends to balance that due to boundary layer turbulence while cloud processes and convection play only a minor role. Overall the response of the atmospheric large-scale circulation is relatively small with up to 2 hPa in the mean sea level pressure during the first 15 days; the quasi-equilibrium response reached in the second and third month of the integration is about twice as large. During the first few days the response tends to be baroclinic in the whole Arctic. Already after a few days an anti-cyclonic equivalent-barotropic response develops over north-western Siberia and north-eastern Europe. The structure resembles very much that of the atmospheric equilibrium response indicating that fast tropospheric processes such as fewer quasi-barotropic cyclones entering this continental area are key opposed to slower processes such as those involving, for example, stratosphere-troposphere interaction.