Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness
Unlike the rapid sea ice losses reported in the Arctic, satellite observations show an overall increase in Antarctic sea ice concentration over recent decades. However, observations of decadal trends in Antarctic ice thickness, and hence ice volume, do not currently exist. In this study a model of t...
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American Meteorological Society
2014
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/1/holland-etal_reresubmitted.pdf http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521.d001 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:35571 2023-05-15T13:40:26+02:00 Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness Holland, Paul R. Bruneau, Nicolas Enright, Clare Losch, Martin Kurtz, Nathan T. Kwok, Ron 2014-05 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/1/holland-etal_reresubmitted.pdf http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521.d001 unknown American Meteorological Society https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/1/holland-etal_reresubmitted.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521.d001 Holland, P. R. , Bruneau, N. , Enright, C. , Losch, M. orcid:0000-0002-3824-5244 , Kurtz, N. T. and Kwok, R. (2014) Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness , Journal of Climate, 27 (10), pp. 3784-3801 . doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1> , hdl:10013/epic.43521 EPIC3Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, 27(10), pp. 3784-3801, ISSN: 0894-8755 Article isiRev 2014 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 2021-12-24T15:39:32Z Unlike the rapid sea ice losses reported in the Arctic, satellite observations show an overall increase in Antarctic sea ice concentration over recent decades. However, observations of decadal trends in Antarctic ice thickness, and hence ice volume, do not currently exist. In this study a model of the Southern Ocean and its sea ice, forced by atmospheric reanalyses, is used to assess 1992–2010 trends in ice thickness and volume. The model successfully reproduces observations of mean ice concentration, thickness, and drift, and decadal trends in ice concentration and drift, imparting some confidence in the hindcasted trends in ice thickness. The model suggests that overall Antarctic sea ice volume has increased by approximately 30 km3 yr−1 (0.4% yr−1) as an equal result of areal expansion (20 × 103 km2 yr−1 or 0.2% yr−1) and thickening (1.5 mm yr−1 or 0.2% yr−1). This ice volume increase is an order of magnitude smaller than the Arctic decrease, and about half the size of the increased freshwater supply from the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Similarly to the observed ice concentration trends, the small overall increase in modeled ice volume is actually the residual of much larger opposing regional trends. Thickness changes near the ice edge follow observed concentration changes, with increasing concentration corresponding to increased thickness. Ice thickness increases are also found in the inner pack in the Amundsen and Weddell Seas, where the model suggests that observed ice-drift trends directed toward the coast have caused dynamical thickening in autumn and winter. Modeled changes are predominantly dynamic in origin in the Pacific sector and thermodynamic elsewhere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Sheet Sea ice Southern Ocean Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Journal of Climate 27 10 3784 3801 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
Unlike the rapid sea ice losses reported in the Arctic, satellite observations show an overall increase in Antarctic sea ice concentration over recent decades. However, observations of decadal trends in Antarctic ice thickness, and hence ice volume, do not currently exist. In this study a model of the Southern Ocean and its sea ice, forced by atmospheric reanalyses, is used to assess 1992–2010 trends in ice thickness and volume. The model successfully reproduces observations of mean ice concentration, thickness, and drift, and decadal trends in ice concentration and drift, imparting some confidence in the hindcasted trends in ice thickness. The model suggests that overall Antarctic sea ice volume has increased by approximately 30 km3 yr−1 (0.4% yr−1) as an equal result of areal expansion (20 × 103 km2 yr−1 or 0.2% yr−1) and thickening (1.5 mm yr−1 or 0.2% yr−1). This ice volume increase is an order of magnitude smaller than the Arctic decrease, and about half the size of the increased freshwater supply from the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Similarly to the observed ice concentration trends, the small overall increase in modeled ice volume is actually the residual of much larger opposing regional trends. Thickness changes near the ice edge follow observed concentration changes, with increasing concentration corresponding to increased thickness. Ice thickness increases are also found in the inner pack in the Amundsen and Weddell Seas, where the model suggests that observed ice-drift trends directed toward the coast have caused dynamical thickening in autumn and winter. Modeled changes are predominantly dynamic in origin in the Pacific sector and thermodynamic elsewhere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Holland, Paul R. Bruneau, Nicolas Enright, Clare Losch, Martin Kurtz, Nathan T. Kwok, Ron |
spellingShingle |
Holland, Paul R. Bruneau, Nicolas Enright, Clare Losch, Martin Kurtz, Nathan T. Kwok, Ron Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
author_facet |
Holland, Paul R. Bruneau, Nicolas Enright, Clare Losch, Martin Kurtz, Nathan T. Kwok, Ron |
author_sort |
Holland, Paul R. |
title |
Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
title_short |
Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
title_full |
Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
title_fullStr |
Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness |
title_sort |
modeled trends in antarctic sea ice thickness |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/1/holland-etal_reresubmitted.pdf http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521.d001 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Sheet Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Ice Sheet Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
EPIC3Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, 27(10), pp. 3784-3801, ISSN: 0894-8755 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/35571/1/holland-etal_reresubmitted.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.43521.d001 Holland, P. R. , Bruneau, N. , Enright, C. , Losch, M. orcid:0000-0002-3824-5244 , Kurtz, N. T. and Kwok, R. (2014) Modeled Trends in Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness , Journal of Climate, 27 (10), pp. 3784-3801 . doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1> , hdl:10013/epic.43521 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00301.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
3784 |
op_container_end_page |
3801 |
_version_ |
1766133994747854848 |