Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX
A closed eddy core in the Atlantic Subantarctic Southern Ocean was fertilized twice with two tons of iron (as FeSO4) to test whether iron addition enhances downward particle flux into the deep ocean. The ~300 km2 fertilized patch was occupied for 39 d. Chlorophyll-a and primary productivity doubled...
Published in: | Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
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2013
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Online Access: | https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/1/MartinLohafexGBC2013.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348.d001 |
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ftawi:oai:epic.awi.de:33426 2024-09-15T18:37:08+00:00 Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX Martin, Patrick Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel Cassar, Nicolas Vandromme, Pieter d'Ovidio, Francesco Stemman, Lars Rengarajan, R. Soares, Melena Gonzalez, Humberto. E. Ebersbach, Friederike Lampitt, Richard Sanders, Richard Barnett, Bruce Smetacek, Victor Naqvi, Syed Wajih A. 2013 application/pdf https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/1/MartinLohafexGBC2013.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348.d001 unknown AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/1/MartinLohafexGBC2013.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348.d001 Martin, P. , Rutgers v. d. Loeff, M. orcid:0000-0003-1393-3742 , Cassar, N. , Vandromme, P. , d'Ovidio, F. , Stemman, L. , Rengarajan, R. , Soares, M. , Gonzalez, H. E. , Ebersbach, F. , Lampitt, R. , Sanders, R. , Barnett, B. , Smetacek, V. and Naqvi, S. W. A. (2013) Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX , Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 27 , pp. 1-11 . doi:10.1002/gbc.20077 <https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20077> , hdl:10013/epic.42348 EPIC3Global Biogeochemical Cycles, AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 27, pp. 1-11, ISSN: 0886-6236 Article isiRev 2013 ftawi https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20077 2024-06-24T04:07:26Z A closed eddy core in the Atlantic Subantarctic Southern Ocean was fertilized twice with two tons of iron (as FeSO4) to test whether iron addition enhances downward particle flux into the deep ocean. The ~300 km2 fertilized patch was occupied for 39 d. Chlorophyll-a and primary productivity doubled after fertilization, and photosynthetic quantum yield (FV/FM) increased from 0.33 to ≥0.40. Silicic acid was at limiting concentrations (<2 µmol L-1), diatoms contributed <10% of phytoplankton biomass, and copepods exerted high grazing pressure. This is the first study of downward particle flux out of an artificially-fertilized bloom with very low diatom biomass. Net community production (NCP) inside the patch estimated from O2:Ar ratios averaged 21 mmol POC m−2 d−1, probably ±20%. Export flux at 100 m calculated from 234Th profiles remained constant inside the patch (∼6.3 mmol POC m−2 d−1) and was similar to unfertilized adjacent waters. The difference between NCP and 234Th-derived export implies organic carbon accumulation in the mixed layer, and remineralization between the mixed layer and 100 m. Fluxes caught in neutrally buoyant sediment traps at 200 m and 450 m inside and outside the patch were mostly <1.1 mmol POC m−2 d−1, predominantly of fecal material, and did not increase upon fertilization. Our data thus indicate intense flux attenuation between 100 and 200 m, and probably between the mixed layer and 100 m. We attribute the lack of fertilization-induced export to silicon-limitation of diatoms and reprocessing of sinking particles by detritus feeders. Our data are consistent with the view that nitrate-rich but silicate-deficient waters are not poised for enhanced particle export upon iron addition. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Copepods Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) Global Biogeochemical Cycles 27 3 871 881 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar- and Marine Research (AWI): ePIC (electronic Publication Information Center) |
op_collection_id |
ftawi |
language |
unknown |
description |
A closed eddy core in the Atlantic Subantarctic Southern Ocean was fertilized twice with two tons of iron (as FeSO4) to test whether iron addition enhances downward particle flux into the deep ocean. The ~300 km2 fertilized patch was occupied for 39 d. Chlorophyll-a and primary productivity doubled after fertilization, and photosynthetic quantum yield (FV/FM) increased from 0.33 to ≥0.40. Silicic acid was at limiting concentrations (<2 µmol L-1), diatoms contributed <10% of phytoplankton biomass, and copepods exerted high grazing pressure. This is the first study of downward particle flux out of an artificially-fertilized bloom with very low diatom biomass. Net community production (NCP) inside the patch estimated from O2:Ar ratios averaged 21 mmol POC m−2 d−1, probably ±20%. Export flux at 100 m calculated from 234Th profiles remained constant inside the patch (∼6.3 mmol POC m−2 d−1) and was similar to unfertilized adjacent waters. The difference between NCP and 234Th-derived export implies organic carbon accumulation in the mixed layer, and remineralization between the mixed layer and 100 m. Fluxes caught in neutrally buoyant sediment traps at 200 m and 450 m inside and outside the patch were mostly <1.1 mmol POC m−2 d−1, predominantly of fecal material, and did not increase upon fertilization. Our data thus indicate intense flux attenuation between 100 and 200 m, and probably between the mixed layer and 100 m. We attribute the lack of fertilization-induced export to silicon-limitation of diatoms and reprocessing of sinking particles by detritus feeders. Our data are consistent with the view that nitrate-rich but silicate-deficient waters are not poised for enhanced particle export upon iron addition. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Martin, Patrick Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel Cassar, Nicolas Vandromme, Pieter d'Ovidio, Francesco Stemman, Lars Rengarajan, R. Soares, Melena Gonzalez, Humberto. E. Ebersbach, Friederike Lampitt, Richard Sanders, Richard Barnett, Bruce Smetacek, Victor Naqvi, Syed Wajih A. |
spellingShingle |
Martin, Patrick Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel Cassar, Nicolas Vandromme, Pieter d'Ovidio, Francesco Stemman, Lars Rengarajan, R. Soares, Melena Gonzalez, Humberto. E. Ebersbach, Friederike Lampitt, Richard Sanders, Richard Barnett, Bruce Smetacek, Victor Naqvi, Syed Wajih A. Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
author_facet |
Martin, Patrick Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel Cassar, Nicolas Vandromme, Pieter d'Ovidio, Francesco Stemman, Lars Rengarajan, R. Soares, Melena Gonzalez, Humberto. E. Ebersbach, Friederike Lampitt, Richard Sanders, Richard Barnett, Bruce Smetacek, Victor Naqvi, Syed Wajih A. |
author_sort |
Martin, Patrick |
title |
Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
title_short |
Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
title_full |
Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
title_fullStr |
Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX |
title_sort |
iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the southern ocean iron fertilization experiment lohafex |
publisher |
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/ https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/1/MartinLohafexGBC2013.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348 https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348.d001 |
genre |
Southern Ocean Copepods |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean Copepods |
op_source |
EPIC3Global Biogeochemical Cycles, AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 27, pp. 1-11, ISSN: 0886-6236 |
op_relation |
https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/33426/1/MartinLohafexGBC2013.pdf https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.42348.d001 Martin, P. , Rutgers v. d. Loeff, M. orcid:0000-0003-1393-3742 , Cassar, N. , Vandromme, P. , d'Ovidio, F. , Stemman, L. , Rengarajan, R. , Soares, M. , Gonzalez, H. E. , Ebersbach, F. , Lampitt, R. , Sanders, R. , Barnett, B. , Smetacek, V. and Naqvi, S. W. A. (2013) Iron fertilization enhanced net community production but not downward particle flux during the Southern Ocean iron fertilization experiment LOHAFEX , Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 27 , pp. 1-11 . doi:10.1002/gbc.20077 <https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20077> , hdl:10013/epic.42348 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/gbc.20077 |
container_title |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
871 |
op_container_end_page |
881 |
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1810481466082066432 |