Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability
Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is a key water mass for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior. However, a lack of biogeochemical observations of SAMW properties during wintertime formation precluded their detailed characterization. Here we characterize f...
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2023
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Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100393.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100394.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100395.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100396.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100398.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100399.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100400.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2022AV000722 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/ |
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:93611 2023-12-24T10:25:03+01:00 Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability Bushinsky, Seth M. Cerovečki, Ivana 2023-04 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100393.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100394.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100395.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100396.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100398.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100399.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100400.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2022AV000722 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/ eng eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100393.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100394.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100395.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100396.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100398.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100399.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100400.pdf doi:10.1029/2022AV000722 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Agu Advances (2576-604X) (American Geophysical Union (AGU)), 2023-04 , Vol. 4 , N. 2 , P. e2022AV000722 (21p.) preformed biogeochemical properties Subantarctic Mode Water biogeochemical Argo measurements climate variability text Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2023 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1029/2022AV000722 2023-11-28T23:51:10Z Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is a key water mass for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior. However, a lack of biogeochemical observations of SAMW properties during wintertime formation precluded their detailed characterization. Here we characterize for the first time SAMW properties across their entire wintertime formation regions based primarily on biogeochemical profiling floats. Observations show that the SAMW properties differ between the two main formation regions in the Pacific and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. SAMW formed in the Pacific is colder, fresher, and higher in oxygen, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) than its Indian Ocean counterpart. The relationship between potential density and biogeochemical water properties is nearly identical between the two formation regions; property differences thus predominantly reflect the difference in mean densities of SAMW formed in each region. SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen during formation, which will impact calculations of derived quantities that assume preformed oxygen saturation. SAMW is at or above atmospheric pCO2 during wintertime and therefore not a direct sink of contemporary carbon dioxide during the formation period. Results from the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate suggest anti-correlated interannual variability of DIC, nitrate, and oxygen between the central and southeastern Pacific formation regions similar to previously established patterns in mixed layer physical properties. This indicates that the mean properties of SAMW will vary depending on which sub-region has a stronger formation rate, which is in turn linked to the Southern Annual Mode and the El-Niño Southern Oscillation. Key Points Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) biogeochemical formation properties are a function of the density of newly formed water Newly formed SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen due to opposing effects from cooling (solubility) and entrainment, and air-sea injection SAMW is near or above ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Southern Ocean Pacific Indian AGU Advances 4 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
preformed biogeochemical properties Subantarctic Mode Water biogeochemical Argo measurements climate variability |
spellingShingle |
preformed biogeochemical properties Subantarctic Mode Water biogeochemical Argo measurements climate variability Bushinsky, Seth M. Cerovečki, Ivana Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
topic_facet |
preformed biogeochemical properties Subantarctic Mode Water biogeochemical Argo measurements climate variability |
description |
Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is a key water mass for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior. However, a lack of biogeochemical observations of SAMW properties during wintertime formation precluded their detailed characterization. Here we characterize for the first time SAMW properties across their entire wintertime formation regions based primarily on biogeochemical profiling floats. Observations show that the SAMW properties differ between the two main formation regions in the Pacific and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. SAMW formed in the Pacific is colder, fresher, and higher in oxygen, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) than its Indian Ocean counterpart. The relationship between potential density and biogeochemical water properties is nearly identical between the two formation regions; property differences thus predominantly reflect the difference in mean densities of SAMW formed in each region. SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen during formation, which will impact calculations of derived quantities that assume preformed oxygen saturation. SAMW is at or above atmospheric pCO2 during wintertime and therefore not a direct sink of contemporary carbon dioxide during the formation period. Results from the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate suggest anti-correlated interannual variability of DIC, nitrate, and oxygen between the central and southeastern Pacific formation regions similar to previously established patterns in mixed layer physical properties. This indicates that the mean properties of SAMW will vary depending on which sub-region has a stronger formation rate, which is in turn linked to the Southern Annual Mode and the El-Niño Southern Oscillation. Key Points Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) biogeochemical formation properties are a function of the density of newly formed water Newly formed SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen due to opposing effects from cooling (solubility) and entrainment, and air-sea injection SAMW is near or above ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bushinsky, Seth M. Cerovečki, Ivana |
author_facet |
Bushinsky, Seth M. Cerovečki, Ivana |
author_sort |
Bushinsky, Seth M. |
title |
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
title_short |
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
title_full |
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
title_fullStr |
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability |
title_sort |
subantarctic mode water biogeochemical formation properties and interannual variability |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100393.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100394.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100395.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100396.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100398.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100399.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100400.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2022AV000722 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/ |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Pacific Indian |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Pacific Indian |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Agu Advances (2576-604X) (American Geophysical Union (AGU)), 2023-04 , Vol. 4 , N. 2 , P. e2022AV000722 (21p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100393.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100394.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100395.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100396.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100398.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100399.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/100400.pdf doi:10.1029/2022AV000722 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00824/93611/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022AV000722 |
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AGU Advances |
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