Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic
The Arctic is warming rapidly, with concomitant sea ice losses and ecosystem changes. The animals most vulnerable to Arctic food web changes are long-lived and slow-growing such as marine mammals, which may not be able to adapt rapidly enough to respond to changes in their resource bases. To determi...
Published in: | Ecological Indicators |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier BV
2022
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Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91562.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91563.txt https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/ |
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:86258 2023-07-30T04:00:24+02:00 Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic Mackenzie, Kirsteen Lydersen, C. Haug, T. Routti, H. Aars, J. Andvik, C.m. Borgå, K. Fisk, A.t. Meier, S. Biuw, M. Lowther, A.d. Lindstrøm, U. Kovacs, K.m. 2022-03 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91562.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91563.txt https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/ eng eng Elsevier BV https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91562.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91563.txt doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Ecological Indicators (1470-160X) (Elsevier BV), 2022-03 , Vol. 136 , P. 108661 (9p.) Marine mammal community Arctic marine ecosystem Ecological niche metrics Trophic sources Trophic gradient Niche partitioning text Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2022 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 2023-07-18T22:51:10Z The Arctic is warming rapidly, with concomitant sea ice losses and ecosystem changes. The animals most vulnerable to Arctic food web changes are long-lived and slow-growing such as marine mammals, which may not be able to adapt rapidly enough to respond to changes in their resource bases. To determine the current extent and sources of these resource bases, we examined isotopic and trophic niches for marine mammals in the European Arctic using skin carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ 15N) stable isotope (SI) compositions from 10 species: blue, fin, humpback, minke, sperm and white whales, bearded and ringed seals, walruses and polar bears, and dietary fatty acids (FAs) in polar bears, walruses and most of the whale species listed here. SI values showed clear species separation by trophic behaviour and carbon sources. Bearded seals, walruses and white whales had the smallest isotopic niches; these species are all resident High Arctic species and are likely to be particularly vulnerable to changes in Arctic ecosystems. We found clear separation between FA groupings driven by pelagic, benthic and planktonic/algal sources: pelagic FAs in all whales, benthic FAs in walruses, and copepod/algae/dinoflagellate FAs in polar bears, with some polar bear compositions approaching those of the whales and walruses. There is strong niche partitioning between study species with minimal functional redundancy, which could impact Arctic ecosystem structure and connectivity if populations of these large nutrient vectors are reduced or lost. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic polar bear Sea ice walrus* Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Arctic Ecological Indicators 136 108661 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Marine mammal community Arctic marine ecosystem Ecological niche metrics Trophic sources Trophic gradient Niche partitioning |
spellingShingle |
Marine mammal community Arctic marine ecosystem Ecological niche metrics Trophic sources Trophic gradient Niche partitioning Mackenzie, Kirsteen Lydersen, C. Haug, T. Routti, H. Aars, J. Andvik, C.m. Borgå, K. Fisk, A.t. Meier, S. Biuw, M. Lowther, A.d. Lindstrøm, U. Kovacs, K.m. Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
topic_facet |
Marine mammal community Arctic marine ecosystem Ecological niche metrics Trophic sources Trophic gradient Niche partitioning |
description |
The Arctic is warming rapidly, with concomitant sea ice losses and ecosystem changes. The animals most vulnerable to Arctic food web changes are long-lived and slow-growing such as marine mammals, which may not be able to adapt rapidly enough to respond to changes in their resource bases. To determine the current extent and sources of these resource bases, we examined isotopic and trophic niches for marine mammals in the European Arctic using skin carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ 15N) stable isotope (SI) compositions from 10 species: blue, fin, humpback, minke, sperm and white whales, bearded and ringed seals, walruses and polar bears, and dietary fatty acids (FAs) in polar bears, walruses and most of the whale species listed here. SI values showed clear species separation by trophic behaviour and carbon sources. Bearded seals, walruses and white whales had the smallest isotopic niches; these species are all resident High Arctic species and are likely to be particularly vulnerable to changes in Arctic ecosystems. We found clear separation between FA groupings driven by pelagic, benthic and planktonic/algal sources: pelagic FAs in all whales, benthic FAs in walruses, and copepod/algae/dinoflagellate FAs in polar bears, with some polar bear compositions approaching those of the whales and walruses. There is strong niche partitioning between study species with minimal functional redundancy, which could impact Arctic ecosystem structure and connectivity if populations of these large nutrient vectors are reduced or lost. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mackenzie, Kirsteen Lydersen, C. Haug, T. Routti, H. Aars, J. Andvik, C.m. Borgå, K. Fisk, A.t. Meier, S. Biuw, M. Lowther, A.d. Lindstrøm, U. Kovacs, K.m. |
author_facet |
Mackenzie, Kirsteen Lydersen, C. Haug, T. Routti, H. Aars, J. Andvik, C.m. Borgå, K. Fisk, A.t. Meier, S. Biuw, M. Lowther, A.d. Lindstrøm, U. Kovacs, K.m. |
author_sort |
Mackenzie, Kirsteen |
title |
Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
title_short |
Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
title_full |
Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic |
title_sort |
niches of marine mammals in the european arctic |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91562.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91563.txt https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic polar bear Sea ice walrus* |
genre_facet |
Arctic polar bear Sea ice walrus* |
op_source |
Ecological Indicators (1470-160X) (Elsevier BV), 2022-03 , Vol. 136 , P. 108661 (9p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91562.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/91563.txt doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00751/86258/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661 |
container_title |
Ecological Indicators |
container_volume |
136 |
container_start_page |
108661 |
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1772810893776650240 |