Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae
During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacter...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Language: | English |
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University of California Press
2020
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Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/81840.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/ |
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:79329 2023-05-15T14:58:06+02:00 Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frédéric Rontani, Jean-françois 2020 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/81840.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/ eng eng University of California Press https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/81840.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.076 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Elementa-science Of The Anthropocene (2325-1026) (University of California Press), 2020 , Vol. 8 , N. 1 , P. 076 (20p.) Bacteria Sea ice Sympagic algae Ice biota Viability Stress factors Salinity Bactericidal free fatty acids Carbon export text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2020 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 2021-09-23T20:37:03Z During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Arctic Baffin Bay Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 8 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Bacteria Sea ice Sympagic algae Ice biota Viability Stress factors Salinity Bactericidal free fatty acids Carbon export |
spellingShingle |
Bacteria Sea ice Sympagic algae Ice biota Viability Stress factors Salinity Bactericidal free fatty acids Carbon export Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frédéric Rontani, Jean-françois Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
topic_facet |
Bacteria Sea ice Sympagic algae Ice biota Viability Stress factors Salinity Bactericidal free fatty acids Carbon export |
description |
During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frédéric Rontani, Jean-françois |
author_facet |
Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frédéric Rontani, Jean-françois |
author_sort |
Amiraux, Rémi |
title |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
title_short |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
title_full |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
title_fullStr |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt : Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
title_sort |
stress factors resulting from the arctic vernal sea-ice melt : impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/81840.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/ |
geographic |
Arctic Baffin Bay |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Baffin Bay |
genre |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa-science Of The Anthropocene (2325-1026) (University of California Press), 2020 , Vol. 8 , N. 1 , P. 076 (20p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/81840.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.076 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00681/79329/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766330191162900480 |