Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes...
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:78831 2023-05-15T13:47:37+02:00 Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications Henley, Sian F. Cavan, Emma L. Fawcett, Sarah E. Kerr, Rodrigo Monteiro, Thiago Sherrell, Robert M. Bowie, Andrew R. Boyd, Philip W. Barnes, David K. A. Schloss, Irene R. Marshall, Tanya Flynn, Raquel Smith, Shantelle 2020-07 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81114.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/ eng eng Frontiers Media Sa https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81114.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media Sa), 2020-07 , Vol. 7 , P. 581 (31p.) Southern Ocean biogeochemistry primary production iron nutrients carbon ecosystem ocean acidification text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2020 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 2021-09-23T20:36:55Z The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in iron supply, coupled with increases in light availability to phytoplankton through increased near-surface stratification and longer ice-free periods, are very likely to increase primary production and carbon export around Antarctica. Biological carbon uptake is likely to increase for the Southern Ocean as a whole, whilst there is greater uncertainty around projections of primary production in the Sub-Antarctic and basin-wide changes in phytoplankton species composition, as well as their biogeochemical consequences. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, higher trophic level organisms and microbial communities are strongly influenced by Southern Ocean biogeochemistry, in particular through nutrient supply and ocean acidification. In turn, these organisms exert important controls on biogeochemistry through carbon storage and export, nutrient recycling and redistribution, and benthic-pelagic coupling. The key processes described in this paper are summarised in the Graphical Abstract. Climate-mediated changes in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry over the coming decades are very likely to impact primary production, sea-air CO2 exchange and ecosystem functioning within and beyond this vast and critically important ocean region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Antarctic Southern Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean biogeochemistry primary production iron nutrients carbon ecosystem ocean acidification |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean biogeochemistry primary production iron nutrients carbon ecosystem ocean acidification Henley, Sian F. Cavan, Emma L. Fawcett, Sarah E. Kerr, Rodrigo Monteiro, Thiago Sherrell, Robert M. Bowie, Andrew R. Boyd, Philip W. Barnes, David K. A. Schloss, Irene R. Marshall, Tanya Flynn, Raquel Smith, Shantelle Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean biogeochemistry primary production iron nutrients carbon ecosystem ocean acidification |
description |
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in iron supply, coupled with increases in light availability to phytoplankton through increased near-surface stratification and longer ice-free periods, are very likely to increase primary production and carbon export around Antarctica. Biological carbon uptake is likely to increase for the Southern Ocean as a whole, whilst there is greater uncertainty around projections of primary production in the Sub-Antarctic and basin-wide changes in phytoplankton species composition, as well as their biogeochemical consequences. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, higher trophic level organisms and microbial communities are strongly influenced by Southern Ocean biogeochemistry, in particular through nutrient supply and ocean acidification. In turn, these organisms exert important controls on biogeochemistry through carbon storage and export, nutrient recycling and redistribution, and benthic-pelagic coupling. The key processes described in this paper are summarised in the Graphical Abstract. Climate-mediated changes in Southern Ocean biogeochemistry over the coming decades are very likely to impact primary production, sea-air CO2 exchange and ecosystem functioning within and beyond this vast and critically important ocean region. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Henley, Sian F. Cavan, Emma L. Fawcett, Sarah E. Kerr, Rodrigo Monteiro, Thiago Sherrell, Robert M. Bowie, Andrew R. Boyd, Philip W. Barnes, David K. A. Schloss, Irene R. Marshall, Tanya Flynn, Raquel Smith, Shantelle |
author_facet |
Henley, Sian F. Cavan, Emma L. Fawcett, Sarah E. Kerr, Rodrigo Monteiro, Thiago Sherrell, Robert M. Bowie, Andrew R. Boyd, Philip W. Barnes, David K. A. Schloss, Irene R. Marshall, Tanya Flynn, Raquel Smith, Shantelle |
author_sort |
Henley, Sian F. |
title |
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
title_short |
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
title_full |
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
title_fullStr |
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications |
title_sort |
changing biogeochemistry of the southern ocean and its ecosystem implications |
publisher |
Frontiers Media Sa |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81114.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/ |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media Sa), 2020-07 , Vol. 7 , P. 581 (31p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81114.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00581 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1766247524172038144 |