Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information
Natural variability and change of the Earth's climate have significant global societal impacts. With its large heat and carbon capacity and relatively slow dynamics, the ocean plays an integral role in climate, and provides an important source of predictability at seasonal and longer timescales...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media Sa
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/80996.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/ |
id |
ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:78724 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:78724 2023-05-15T18:18:51+02:00 Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information Stammer, Detlef Bracco, Annalisa Achutarao, Krishna Beal, Lisa Bindoff, Nathaniel L. Braconnot, Pascale Cai, Wenju Chen, Dake Collins, Matthew Danabasoglu, Gokhan Dewitte, Boris Farneti, Riccardo Fox-kemper, Baylor Fyfe, John Griffies, Stephen M. Jayne, Steven R. Lazar, Alban Lengaigne, Matthieu Lin, Xiaopei Marsland, Simon Minobe, Shoshiro Monteiro, Pedro M. S. Robinson, Walter Roxy, Mathew Koll Rykaczewski, Ryan R. Speich, Sabrina Smith, Inga J. Solomon, Amy Storto, Andrea Takahashi, Ken Toniazzo, Thomas Vialard, Jerome 2019-07 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/80996.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/ eng eng Frontiers Media Sa https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/80996.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media Sa), 2019-07 , Vol. 6 , P. 444 (18p.) ocean observing system ocean climate earth observations in situ measurements satellite observations ocean modeling climate information text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2019 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 2023-01-17T23:50:42Z Natural variability and change of the Earth's climate have significant global societal impacts. With its large heat and carbon capacity and relatively slow dynamics, the ocean plays an integral role in climate, and provides an important source of predictability at seasonal and longer timescales. In addition, the ocean provides the slowly evolving lower boundary to the atmosphere, driving, and modifying atmospheric weather. Understanding and monitoring ocean climate variability and change, to constrain and initialize models as well as identify model biases for improved climate hindcasting and prediction, requires a scale-sensitive, and long-term observing system. A climate observing system has requirements that significantly differ from, and sometimes are orthogonal to, those of other applications. In general terms, they can be summarized by the simultaneous need for both large spatial and long temporal coverage, and by the accuracy and stability required for detecting the local climate signals. This paper reviews the requirements of a climate observing system in terms of space and time scales, and revisits the question of which parameters such a system should encompass to meet future strategic goals of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), with emphasis on ocean and sea-ice covered areas. It considers global as well as regional aspects that should be accounted for in designing observing systems in individual basins. Furthermore, the paper discusses which data-driven products are required to meet WCRP research and modeling needs, and ways to obtain them through data synthesis and assimilation approaches. Finally, it addresses the need for scientific capacity building and international collaboration in support of the collection of high-quality measurements over the large spatial scales and long time-scales required for climate research, bridging the scientific rational to the required resources for implementation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice ice covered areas Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Frontiers in Marine Science 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean observing system ocean climate earth observations in situ measurements satellite observations ocean modeling climate information |
spellingShingle |
ocean observing system ocean climate earth observations in situ measurements satellite observations ocean modeling climate information Stammer, Detlef Bracco, Annalisa Achutarao, Krishna Beal, Lisa Bindoff, Nathaniel L. Braconnot, Pascale Cai, Wenju Chen, Dake Collins, Matthew Danabasoglu, Gokhan Dewitte, Boris Farneti, Riccardo Fox-kemper, Baylor Fyfe, John Griffies, Stephen M. Jayne, Steven R. Lazar, Alban Lengaigne, Matthieu Lin, Xiaopei Marsland, Simon Minobe, Shoshiro Monteiro, Pedro M. S. Robinson, Walter Roxy, Mathew Koll Rykaczewski, Ryan R. Speich, Sabrina Smith, Inga J. Solomon, Amy Storto, Andrea Takahashi, Ken Toniazzo, Thomas Vialard, Jerome Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
topic_facet |
ocean observing system ocean climate earth observations in situ measurements satellite observations ocean modeling climate information |
description |
Natural variability and change of the Earth's climate have significant global societal impacts. With its large heat and carbon capacity and relatively slow dynamics, the ocean plays an integral role in climate, and provides an important source of predictability at seasonal and longer timescales. In addition, the ocean provides the slowly evolving lower boundary to the atmosphere, driving, and modifying atmospheric weather. Understanding and monitoring ocean climate variability and change, to constrain and initialize models as well as identify model biases for improved climate hindcasting and prediction, requires a scale-sensitive, and long-term observing system. A climate observing system has requirements that significantly differ from, and sometimes are orthogonal to, those of other applications. In general terms, they can be summarized by the simultaneous need for both large spatial and long temporal coverage, and by the accuracy and stability required for detecting the local climate signals. This paper reviews the requirements of a climate observing system in terms of space and time scales, and revisits the question of which parameters such a system should encompass to meet future strategic goals of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), with emphasis on ocean and sea-ice covered areas. It considers global as well as regional aspects that should be accounted for in designing observing systems in individual basins. Furthermore, the paper discusses which data-driven products are required to meet WCRP research and modeling needs, and ways to obtain them through data synthesis and assimilation approaches. Finally, it addresses the need for scientific capacity building and international collaboration in support of the collection of high-quality measurements over the large spatial scales and long time-scales required for climate research, bridging the scientific rational to the required resources for implementation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stammer, Detlef Bracco, Annalisa Achutarao, Krishna Beal, Lisa Bindoff, Nathaniel L. Braconnot, Pascale Cai, Wenju Chen, Dake Collins, Matthew Danabasoglu, Gokhan Dewitte, Boris Farneti, Riccardo Fox-kemper, Baylor Fyfe, John Griffies, Stephen M. Jayne, Steven R. Lazar, Alban Lengaigne, Matthieu Lin, Xiaopei Marsland, Simon Minobe, Shoshiro Monteiro, Pedro M. S. Robinson, Walter Roxy, Mathew Koll Rykaczewski, Ryan R. Speich, Sabrina Smith, Inga J. Solomon, Amy Storto, Andrea Takahashi, Ken Toniazzo, Thomas Vialard, Jerome |
author_facet |
Stammer, Detlef Bracco, Annalisa Achutarao, Krishna Beal, Lisa Bindoff, Nathaniel L. Braconnot, Pascale Cai, Wenju Chen, Dake Collins, Matthew Danabasoglu, Gokhan Dewitte, Boris Farneti, Riccardo Fox-kemper, Baylor Fyfe, John Griffies, Stephen M. Jayne, Steven R. Lazar, Alban Lengaigne, Matthieu Lin, Xiaopei Marsland, Simon Minobe, Shoshiro Monteiro, Pedro M. S. Robinson, Walter Roxy, Mathew Koll Rykaczewski, Ryan R. Speich, Sabrina Smith, Inga J. Solomon, Amy Storto, Andrea Takahashi, Ken Toniazzo, Thomas Vialard, Jerome |
author_sort |
Stammer, Detlef |
title |
Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
title_short |
Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
title_full |
Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
title_fullStr |
Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean Climate Observing Requirements in Support of Climate Research and Climate Information |
title_sort |
ocean climate observing requirements in support of climate research and climate information |
publisher |
Frontiers Media Sa |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/80996.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/ |
genre |
Sea ice ice covered areas |
genre_facet |
Sea ice ice covered areas |
op_source |
Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media Sa), 2019-07 , Vol. 6 , P. 444 (18p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/80996.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78724/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00444 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766195579354873856 |