The Last Scottish Ice Sheet
The last Scottish Ice Sheet (SIS) expanded from a pre-existing ice cap after ∼35 ka. Highland ice dominated, with subsequent build-up of a Southern Uplands ice mass. The Outer Hebrides, Skye, Mull, the Cairngorms and Shetland supported persistent independent ice centres. Expansion was accompanied by...
Published in: | Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh |
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Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/65539.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000038 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/ |
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:61627 2023-05-15T16:13:10+02:00 The Last Scottish Ice Sheet Ballantyne, Colin K. Small, David 2019-03 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/65539.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000038 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/ eng eng Cambridge University Press (CUP) https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/65539.pdf doi:10.1017/S1755691018000038 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Earth And Environmental Science Transactions Of The Royal Society Of Edinburgh (1755-6910) (Cambridge University Press (CUP)), 2019-03 , Vol. 110 , N. 1-2 , P. 93-131 British-Irish Ice Sheet deglaciation Dimlington Stade flowsets ice streams Late Devensian lithostratigraphy radiocarbon dating readvances terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2019 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000038 2021-09-23T20:33:05Z The last Scottish Ice Sheet (SIS) expanded from a pre-existing ice cap after ∼35 ka. Highland ice dominated, with subsequent build-up of a Southern Uplands ice mass. The Outer Hebrides, Skye, Mull, the Cairngorms and Shetland supported persistent independent ice centres. Expansion was accompanied by ice-divide migration and switching flow directions. Ice nourished in Scotland reached the Atlantic Shelf break in some sectors but only mid-shelf in others, was confluent with the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) in the North Sea Basin, extended into northern England, and fed the Irish Sea Ice Stream and a lobe that reached East Anglia. The timing of maximum extent was diachronous, from ∼30–27 ka on the Atlantic Shelf to ∼22–21 ka in Yorkshire. The SIS buried all mountains, but experienced periods of thickening alternating with drawdown driven by ice streams such as the Minch, the Hebrides and the Moray Firth Ice Streams. Submarine moraine banks indicate oscillating retreat and progressive decoupling of Highland ice from Orkney–Shetland ice. The pattern and timing of separation of the SIS and FIS in the North Sea Basin remain uncertain. Available evidence suggests that by ∼17 ka, much of the Sea of the Hebrides, the Outer Hebrides, Caithness and the coasts of E Scotland were deglaciated. By ∼16 ka, the Solway lowlands, Orkney and Shetland were deglaciated, the SIS and Irish Ice Sheet had separated, the ice margin lay along the western seaboard, nunataks had emerged in Wester Ross, the ice margin lay N of the Cairngorms and the sea had invaded the Tay and Forth estuaries. By ∼15 ka, most of the Southern Uplands, the Firth of Clyde, the Midland Valley and the upper Spey valley were deglaciated, and in NW Scotland ice was retreating from fjords and valleys. By the onset of rapid warming at ∼14.7 ka, much of the remnant SIS was confined within the limits of Younger Dryas glaciation. The SIS, therefore, lost most of its mass during the Dimlington Stade. It is uncertain whether fragments of the SIS persisted on high ground throughout the Lateglacial Interstade. Article in Journal/Newspaper Fennoscandian Ice cap Ice Sheet Sea ice Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Midland ENVELOPE(8.224,8.224,63.072,63.072) Mull ENVELOPE(-63.058,-63.058,-74.536,-74.536) Tay ENVELOPE(-55.750,-55.750,-63.367,-63.367) Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 110 1-2 93 131 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
British-Irish Ice Sheet deglaciation Dimlington Stade flowsets ice streams Late Devensian lithostratigraphy radiocarbon dating readvances terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating |
spellingShingle |
British-Irish Ice Sheet deglaciation Dimlington Stade flowsets ice streams Late Devensian lithostratigraphy radiocarbon dating readvances terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating Ballantyne, Colin K. Small, David The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
topic_facet |
British-Irish Ice Sheet deglaciation Dimlington Stade flowsets ice streams Late Devensian lithostratigraphy radiocarbon dating readvances terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating |
description |
The last Scottish Ice Sheet (SIS) expanded from a pre-existing ice cap after ∼35 ka. Highland ice dominated, with subsequent build-up of a Southern Uplands ice mass. The Outer Hebrides, Skye, Mull, the Cairngorms and Shetland supported persistent independent ice centres. Expansion was accompanied by ice-divide migration and switching flow directions. Ice nourished in Scotland reached the Atlantic Shelf break in some sectors but only mid-shelf in others, was confluent with the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet (FIS) in the North Sea Basin, extended into northern England, and fed the Irish Sea Ice Stream and a lobe that reached East Anglia. The timing of maximum extent was diachronous, from ∼30–27 ka on the Atlantic Shelf to ∼22–21 ka in Yorkshire. The SIS buried all mountains, but experienced periods of thickening alternating with drawdown driven by ice streams such as the Minch, the Hebrides and the Moray Firth Ice Streams. Submarine moraine banks indicate oscillating retreat and progressive decoupling of Highland ice from Orkney–Shetland ice. The pattern and timing of separation of the SIS and FIS in the North Sea Basin remain uncertain. Available evidence suggests that by ∼17 ka, much of the Sea of the Hebrides, the Outer Hebrides, Caithness and the coasts of E Scotland were deglaciated. By ∼16 ka, the Solway lowlands, Orkney and Shetland were deglaciated, the SIS and Irish Ice Sheet had separated, the ice margin lay along the western seaboard, nunataks had emerged in Wester Ross, the ice margin lay N of the Cairngorms and the sea had invaded the Tay and Forth estuaries. By ∼15 ka, most of the Southern Uplands, the Firth of Clyde, the Midland Valley and the upper Spey valley were deglaciated, and in NW Scotland ice was retreating from fjords and valleys. By the onset of rapid warming at ∼14.7 ka, much of the remnant SIS was confined within the limits of Younger Dryas glaciation. The SIS, therefore, lost most of its mass during the Dimlington Stade. It is uncertain whether fragments of the SIS persisted on high ground throughout the Lateglacial Interstade. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ballantyne, Colin K. Small, David |
author_facet |
Ballantyne, Colin K. Small, David |
author_sort |
Ballantyne, Colin K. |
title |
The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
title_short |
The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
title_full |
The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
title_fullStr |
The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Last Scottish Ice Sheet |
title_sort |
last scottish ice sheet |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/65539.pdf https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000038 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(8.224,8.224,63.072,63.072) ENVELOPE(-63.058,-63.058,-74.536,-74.536) ENVELOPE(-55.750,-55.750,-63.367,-63.367) |
geographic |
Midland Mull Tay |
geographic_facet |
Midland Mull Tay |
genre |
Fennoscandian Ice cap Ice Sheet Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandian Ice cap Ice Sheet Sea ice |
op_source |
Earth And Environmental Science Transactions Of The Royal Society Of Edinburgh (1755-6910) (Cambridge University Press (CUP)), 2019-03 , Vol. 110 , N. 1-2 , P. 93-131 |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/65539.pdf doi:10.1017/S1755691018000038 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61627/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000038 |
container_title |
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh |
container_volume |
110 |
container_issue |
1-2 |
container_start_page |
93 |
op_container_end_page |
131 |
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1765998778771308544 |