Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions
Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is an important prey species in the Arctic ecosystem, yet its habitat is changing rapidly: climate change, through rising seawater temperatures and CO2 concentrations, is projected to be most pronounced in Arctic waters. This study aimed to investigate the influence of o...
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:58121 2023-05-15T14:30:31+02:00 Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions Kunz, Kristina Lore Claireaux, Guy Poertner, Hans-otto Knust, Rainer Mark, Felix Christopher 2018-11 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/60547.pdf https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.184473 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/ eng eng Company Biologists Ltd https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/60547.pdf doi:10.1242/jeb.184473 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Journal Of Experimental Biology (0022-0949) (Company Biologists Ltd), 2018-11 , Vol. 221 , N. 21 , P. jeb184473 (11p.) Climate change Gadids Arctic cod Hypercapnia RCP8.5 Aerobic scope text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.184473 2021-09-23T20:31:51Z Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is an important prey species in the Arctic ecosystem, yet its habitat is changing rapidly: climate change, through rising seawater temperatures and CO2 concentrations, is projected to be most pronounced in Arctic waters. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ocean acidification and warming on maximum performance parameters of B. saida as indicators for the species' acclimation capacities under environmental conditions projected for the end of this century. After 4 months at four acclimation temperatures (0, 3, 6, 8 degrees C) each combined with two P-CO2 levels (390 and 1170 mu atm), aerobic capacities and swimming performance of B. saida were recorded following a U-crit protocol. At both CO2 levels, standard metabolic rate (SMR) was elevated at the highest acclimation temperature indicating thermal limitations. Maximum metabolic rate (MMR) increased continuously with temperature, suggesting an optimum temperature for aerobic scope for exercise (AS(ex)) at 6 degrees C. Aerobic swimming performance (U-gait) increased with acclimation temperature irrespective of CO2 levels, while critical swimming speed (U-crit) did not reveal any clear trend with temperature. Hypercapnia evoked an increase in MMR (and thereby AS(ex)). However, swimming performance (both U-gait and U-crit) was impaired under elevated nearfuture P-CO2 conditions, indicating reduced efficiencies of oxygen turnover. The contribution of anaerobic metabolism to swimming performance was very low overall, and further reduced under hypercapnia. Our results revealed high sensitivities of maximum performance parameters (MMR, U-gait, U-crit) of B. saida to ocean acidification. Impaired swimming capacity under ocean acidification may reflect reduced future competitive strength of B. saida. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Climate change Ocean acidification polar cod Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Arctic Journal of Experimental Biology |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Climate change Gadids Arctic cod Hypercapnia RCP8.5 Aerobic scope |
spellingShingle |
Climate change Gadids Arctic cod Hypercapnia RCP8.5 Aerobic scope Kunz, Kristina Lore Claireaux, Guy Poertner, Hans-otto Knust, Rainer Mark, Felix Christopher Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
topic_facet |
Climate change Gadids Arctic cod Hypercapnia RCP8.5 Aerobic scope |
description |
Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is an important prey species in the Arctic ecosystem, yet its habitat is changing rapidly: climate change, through rising seawater temperatures and CO2 concentrations, is projected to be most pronounced in Arctic waters. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ocean acidification and warming on maximum performance parameters of B. saida as indicators for the species' acclimation capacities under environmental conditions projected for the end of this century. After 4 months at four acclimation temperatures (0, 3, 6, 8 degrees C) each combined with two P-CO2 levels (390 and 1170 mu atm), aerobic capacities and swimming performance of B. saida were recorded following a U-crit protocol. At both CO2 levels, standard metabolic rate (SMR) was elevated at the highest acclimation temperature indicating thermal limitations. Maximum metabolic rate (MMR) increased continuously with temperature, suggesting an optimum temperature for aerobic scope for exercise (AS(ex)) at 6 degrees C. Aerobic swimming performance (U-gait) increased with acclimation temperature irrespective of CO2 levels, while critical swimming speed (U-crit) did not reveal any clear trend with temperature. Hypercapnia evoked an increase in MMR (and thereby AS(ex)). However, swimming performance (both U-gait and U-crit) was impaired under elevated nearfuture P-CO2 conditions, indicating reduced efficiencies of oxygen turnover. The contribution of anaerobic metabolism to swimming performance was very low overall, and further reduced under hypercapnia. Our results revealed high sensitivities of maximum performance parameters (MMR, U-gait, U-crit) of B. saida to ocean acidification. Impaired swimming capacity under ocean acidification may reflect reduced future competitive strength of B. saida. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kunz, Kristina Lore Claireaux, Guy Poertner, Hans-otto Knust, Rainer Mark, Felix Christopher |
author_facet |
Kunz, Kristina Lore Claireaux, Guy Poertner, Hans-otto Knust, Rainer Mark, Felix Christopher |
author_sort |
Kunz, Kristina Lore |
title |
Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
title_short |
Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
title_full |
Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
title_fullStr |
Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
title_sort |
aerobic capacities and swimming performance of polar cod (boreogadus saida) under ocean acidification and warming conditions |
publisher |
Company Biologists Ltd |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/60547.pdf https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.184473 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/ |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Climate change Ocean acidification polar cod |
genre_facet |
Arctic cod Arctic Boreogadus saida Climate change Ocean acidification polar cod |
op_source |
Journal Of Experimental Biology (0022-0949) (Company Biologists Ltd), 2018-11 , Vol. 221 , N. 21 , P. jeb184473 (11p.) |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/60547.pdf doi:10.1242/jeb.184473 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00470/58121/ |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.184473 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
_version_ |
1766304351817564160 |