An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP)
Many institutions worldwide have developed ocean reanalyses systems (ORAs) utilizing a variety of ocean models and assimilation techniques. However, the quality of salinity reanalyses arising from the various ORAs has not yet been comprehensively assessed. In this study, we assess the upper ocean sa...
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:50724 2023-05-15T13:50:50+02:00 An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) Shi, L. Alves, O. Wedd, R. Balmaseda, M. A. Chang, Y. Chepurin, G. Ferry, N. Fujii, Y. Gaillard, Fabienne Good, S. A. Guinehut, S. Haines, K. Hernandez, F. Lee, T. Palmer, M. Peterson, K. A. Masuda, S. Storto, A. Toyoda, T. Valdivieso, M. Vernieres, G. Wang, Xuan Yin, Y. 2017-08 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/84525.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/ eng eng Springer https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/84525.pdf doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/ Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Climate Dynamics (0930-7575) (Springer), 2017-08 , Vol. 49 , N. 3 , P. 1009-1029 Ocean reanalyses Salinity content Intercomparison text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 2021-09-23T20:29:48Z Many institutions worldwide have developed ocean reanalyses systems (ORAs) utilizing a variety of ocean models and assimilation techniques. However, the quality of salinity reanalyses arising from the various ORAs has not yet been comprehensively assessed. In this study, we assess the upper ocean salinity content (depth-averaged over 0-700 m) from 14 ORAs and 3 objective ocean analysis systems (OOAs) as part of the Ocean Reanalyses Intercomparison Project. Our results show that the best agreement between estimates of salinity from different ORAs is obtained in the tropical Pacific, likely due to relatively abundant atmospheric and oceanic observations in this region. The largest disagreement in salinity reanalyses is in the Southern Ocean along the Antarctic circumpolar current as a consequence of the sparseness of both atmospheric and oceanic observations in this region. The West Pacific warm pool is the largest region where the signal to noise ratio of reanalysed salinity anomalies is > 1. Therefore, the current salinity reanalyses in the tropical Pacific Ocean may be more reliable than those in the Southern Ocean and regions along the western boundary currents. Moreover, we found that the assimilation of salinity in ocean regions with relatively strong ocean fronts is still a common problem as seen in most ORAs. The impact of the Argo data on the salinity reanalyses is visible, especially within the upper 500 m, where the interannual variability is large. The increasing trend in global-averaged salinity anomalies can only be found within the top 0-300 m layer, but with quite large diversity among different ORAs. Beneath the 300 m depth, the global-averaged salinity anomalies from most ORAs switch their trends from a slightly growing trend before 2002 to a decreasing trend after 2002. The rapid switch in the trend is most likely an artefact of the dramatic change in the observing system due to the implementation of Argo. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Antarctic Ora ENVELOPE(7.517,7.517,62.581,62.581) Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic Climate Dynamics 49 3 1009 1029 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Ocean reanalyses Salinity content Intercomparison |
spellingShingle |
Ocean reanalyses Salinity content Intercomparison Shi, L. Alves, O. Wedd, R. Balmaseda, M. A. Chang, Y. Chepurin, G. Ferry, N. Fujii, Y. Gaillard, Fabienne Good, S. A. Guinehut, S. Haines, K. Hernandez, F. Lee, T. Palmer, M. Peterson, K. A. Masuda, S. Storto, A. Toyoda, T. Valdivieso, M. Vernieres, G. Wang, Xuan Yin, Y. An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
topic_facet |
Ocean reanalyses Salinity content Intercomparison |
description |
Many institutions worldwide have developed ocean reanalyses systems (ORAs) utilizing a variety of ocean models and assimilation techniques. However, the quality of salinity reanalyses arising from the various ORAs has not yet been comprehensively assessed. In this study, we assess the upper ocean salinity content (depth-averaged over 0-700 m) from 14 ORAs and 3 objective ocean analysis systems (OOAs) as part of the Ocean Reanalyses Intercomparison Project. Our results show that the best agreement between estimates of salinity from different ORAs is obtained in the tropical Pacific, likely due to relatively abundant atmospheric and oceanic observations in this region. The largest disagreement in salinity reanalyses is in the Southern Ocean along the Antarctic circumpolar current as a consequence of the sparseness of both atmospheric and oceanic observations in this region. The West Pacific warm pool is the largest region where the signal to noise ratio of reanalysed salinity anomalies is > 1. Therefore, the current salinity reanalyses in the tropical Pacific Ocean may be more reliable than those in the Southern Ocean and regions along the western boundary currents. Moreover, we found that the assimilation of salinity in ocean regions with relatively strong ocean fronts is still a common problem as seen in most ORAs. The impact of the Argo data on the salinity reanalyses is visible, especially within the upper 500 m, where the interannual variability is large. The increasing trend in global-averaged salinity anomalies can only be found within the top 0-300 m layer, but with quite large diversity among different ORAs. Beneath the 300 m depth, the global-averaged salinity anomalies from most ORAs switch their trends from a slightly growing trend before 2002 to a decreasing trend after 2002. The rapid switch in the trend is most likely an artefact of the dramatic change in the observing system due to the implementation of Argo. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shi, L. Alves, O. Wedd, R. Balmaseda, M. A. Chang, Y. Chepurin, G. Ferry, N. Fujii, Y. Gaillard, Fabienne Good, S. A. Guinehut, S. Haines, K. Hernandez, F. Lee, T. Palmer, M. Peterson, K. A. Masuda, S. Storto, A. Toyoda, T. Valdivieso, M. Vernieres, G. Wang, Xuan Yin, Y. |
author_facet |
Shi, L. Alves, O. Wedd, R. Balmaseda, M. A. Chang, Y. Chepurin, G. Ferry, N. Fujii, Y. Gaillard, Fabienne Good, S. A. Guinehut, S. Haines, K. Hernandez, F. Lee, T. Palmer, M. Peterson, K. A. Masuda, S. Storto, A. Toyoda, T. Valdivieso, M. Vernieres, G. Wang, Xuan Yin, Y. |
author_sort |
Shi, L. |
title |
An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
title_short |
An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
title_full |
An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
title_fullStr |
An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
title_full_unstemmed |
An assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the Ocean Reanalyses Inter-comparison Project (ORA-IP) |
title_sort |
assessment of upper ocean salinity content from the ocean reanalyses inter-comparison project (ora-ip) |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/84525.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(7.517,7.517,62.581,62.581) |
geographic |
Antarctic Ora Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Ora Pacific Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Climate Dynamics (0930-7575) (Springer), 2017-08 , Vol. 49 , N. 3 , P. 1009-1029 |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/84525.pdf doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00396/50724/ |
op_rights |
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2868-7 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
49 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1009 |
op_container_end_page |
1029 |
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1766254161309990912 |