Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean
A quantitative understanding of the integrated ocean heat content depends on our ability to determine how heat is distributed in the ocean and what are the associated coherent patterns. This study demonstrates how this can be achieved using unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles. T...
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:47431 2023-05-15T17:25:21+02:00 Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean Maze, Guillaume Mercier, Herle Fablet, Ronan Tandeo, Pierre Radcenco, Manuel Lopez Lenca, Philippe Feucher, Charlene Le Goff, Clement 2017-02 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/47456.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/ eng eng Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/47456.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/ 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Progress In Oceanography (0079-6611) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2017-02 , Vol. 151 , P. 275-292 Heat content Classification North Atlantic Stratification Water mass Thermocline Argo Pattern text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 2021-09-23T20:29:07Z A quantitative understanding of the integrated ocean heat content depends on our ability to determine how heat is distributed in the ocean and what are the associated coherent patterns. This study demonstrates how this can be achieved using unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles. The classification method used is a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) that decomposes the Probability Density Function of a dataset into a weighted sum of Gaussian modes. It is determined that the North Atlantic Argo dataset of temperature profiles con- tains 8 groups of vertically coherent heat patterns, or classes. Each of the temperature profile classes reveals unique and physically coherent heat distributions along the vertical axis. A key result of this study is that when mapped in space, each of the 8 classes is found to define an oceanic region, even if no spatial information was used in the model determination. The classification result is independent of the location and time of the ARGO profiles. Two classes show cold anomalies throughout the water column with amplitude decreasing with depth. They are found to be localized in the subpolar gyre and along the poleward flank of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current (NAC). One class has nearly zero anomalies and a large spread throughout the water column. It is found mostly along the NAC. One class has warm anomalies near the surface (50m) and cold ones below 200m. It is found in the tropical/equatorial region. The remaining four classes have warm anomalies throughout the water column, one without depth dependance (in the southeastern part of the subtropical gyre), the other three with clear maximums at different depths (100m, 400m and 1000m). These are found along the southern flank of the North Equatorial Current, the western part of the subtropical gyre and over the West European Basin. These results are robust to both the seasonal variability and to method parameters such as the size of the analyzed domain. Article in Journal/Newspaper north atlantic current North Atlantic Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) West European Basin ENVELOPE(-28.000,-28.000,52.750,52.750) Progress in Oceanography 151 275 292 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Heat content Classification North Atlantic Stratification Water mass Thermocline Argo Pattern |
spellingShingle |
Heat content Classification North Atlantic Stratification Water mass Thermocline Argo Pattern Maze, Guillaume Mercier, Herle Fablet, Ronan Tandeo, Pierre Radcenco, Manuel Lopez Lenca, Philippe Feucher, Charlene Le Goff, Clement Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Heat content Classification North Atlantic Stratification Water mass Thermocline Argo Pattern |
description |
A quantitative understanding of the integrated ocean heat content depends on our ability to determine how heat is distributed in the ocean and what are the associated coherent patterns. This study demonstrates how this can be achieved using unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles. The classification method used is a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) that decomposes the Probability Density Function of a dataset into a weighted sum of Gaussian modes. It is determined that the North Atlantic Argo dataset of temperature profiles con- tains 8 groups of vertically coherent heat patterns, or classes. Each of the temperature profile classes reveals unique and physically coherent heat distributions along the vertical axis. A key result of this study is that when mapped in space, each of the 8 classes is found to define an oceanic region, even if no spatial information was used in the model determination. The classification result is independent of the location and time of the ARGO profiles. Two classes show cold anomalies throughout the water column with amplitude decreasing with depth. They are found to be localized in the subpolar gyre and along the poleward flank of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current (NAC). One class has nearly zero anomalies and a large spread throughout the water column. It is found mostly along the NAC. One class has warm anomalies near the surface (50m) and cold ones below 200m. It is found in the tropical/equatorial region. The remaining four classes have warm anomalies throughout the water column, one without depth dependance (in the southeastern part of the subtropical gyre), the other three with clear maximums at different depths (100m, 400m and 1000m). These are found along the southern flank of the North Equatorial Current, the western part of the subtropical gyre and over the West European Basin. These results are robust to both the seasonal variability and to method parameters such as the size of the analyzed domain. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Maze, Guillaume Mercier, Herle Fablet, Ronan Tandeo, Pierre Radcenco, Manuel Lopez Lenca, Philippe Feucher, Charlene Le Goff, Clement |
author_facet |
Maze, Guillaume Mercier, Herle Fablet, Ronan Tandeo, Pierre Radcenco, Manuel Lopez Lenca, Philippe Feucher, Charlene Le Goff, Clement |
author_sort |
Maze, Guillaume |
title |
Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of Argo temperature profiles in the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
coherent heat patterns revealed by unsupervised classification of argo temperature profiles in the north atlantic ocean |
publisher |
Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/47456.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/ |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-28.000,-28.000,52.750,52.750) |
geographic |
West European Basin |
geographic_facet |
West European Basin |
genre |
north atlantic current North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
north atlantic current North Atlantic |
op_source |
Progress In Oceanography (0079-6611) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2017-02 , Vol. 151 , P. 275-292 |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/47456.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00363/47431/ |
op_rights |
2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.008 |
container_title |
Progress in Oceanography |
container_volume |
151 |
container_start_page |
275 |
op_container_end_page |
292 |
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1766116748445089792 |