Effects of 16 pure hydrocarbons and two oils on haemocyte and haemolymphatic parameters in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)

• Published in: Toxicology in Vitro
• Main Authors: Bado Nilles, A, Gagnaire, Beatrice, Thomas-guyon, Helene, Le Floch, S, Renault, Tristan
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2008
• Subjects: Toxicity; PAHs; Pacific oyster; Spectrophotometry; Flow cytometry; Haemocyte activity; Pacific; Crassostrea gigas
• Online Access: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4696.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2008.04.011; https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4696/

The in vitro effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on haemocyte and haemolymphatic parameters of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, were tested using field concentrations (10(-7) and 10(-9) mg mL(-1)) observed in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (Charente-Maritime, France) and high concentrations (10(-3) and 10(-5) mg mL(-1)) observed during oil spills. As a first step, the effects of pollutants, after a 24 h contamination period, were monitored on individual and pooled haemolymph samples and similar results were observed for both sample types. In a second step, haemolymphs from 45 oysters were withdrawn and pooled. Eighteen pollutants were tested in vitro after a 4 and 24 h contamination period and 10 of them showed significant modulations of the five haemocyte parameters tested. Seven pollutants (fluorene, pyrene, anthracene, phenanthrene, chrysene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene and heavy fuel oil (HFO)) induced a decrease in haemocyte mortality. Fluorene, pyrene and HFO significantly decreased phagocytosis activity. Percentage of non-specific esterase positive cells, phenoloxidase activity and lysosome presence were increased by naphthalene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene, respectively. Modulation of immune parameters in the Pacific oyster by PAHs suggested that PAH pollution may be related to enhanced susceptibility to diseases. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.