Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends
Over the past decade, the diminishing Arctic sea ice has impacted the wave field, which depends on the ice-free ocean and wind. This study characterizes the wave climate in the Arctic spanning 1992–2014 from a merged altimeter data set and a wave hindcast that uses CFSR winds and ice concentrations...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/45461.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/ |
id |
ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:45816 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:45816 2023-05-15T14:51:09+02:00 Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends Stopa, Justin Ardhuin, Fabrice Girard-ardhuin, Fanny 2016 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/45461.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/ eng eng Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/45461.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/ Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use CC-BY Cryosphere (1994-0416) (Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh), 2016 , Vol. 10 , N. 4 , P. 1605-1629 text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2016 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 2021-09-23T20:28:42Z Over the past decade, the diminishing Arctic sea ice has impacted the wave field, which depends on the ice-free ocean and wind. This study characterizes the wave climate in the Arctic spanning 1992–2014 from a merged altimeter data set and a wave hindcast that uses CFSR winds and ice concentrations from satellites as input. The model performs well, verified by the altimeters, and is relatively consistent for climate studies. The wave seasonality and extremes are linked to the ice coverage, wind strength, and wind direction, creating distinct features in the wind seas and swells. The altimeters and model show that the reduction of sea ice coverage causes increasing wave heights instead of the wind. However, trends are convoluted by interannual climate oscillations like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. In the Nordic Greenland Sea the NAO influences the decreasing wind speeds and wave heights. Swells are becoming more prevalent and wind-sea steepness is declining. The satellite data show the sea ice minimum occurs later in fall when the wind speeds increase. This creates more favorable conditions for wave development. Therefore we expect the ice freeze-up in fall to be the most critical season in the Arctic and small changes in ice cover, wind speeds, and wave heights can have large impacts to the evolution of the sea ice throughout the year. It is inconclusive how important wave–ice processes are within the climate system, but selected events suggest the importance of waves within the marginal ice zone. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Arctic Greenland Pacific The Cryosphere 10 4 1605 1629 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
description |
Over the past decade, the diminishing Arctic sea ice has impacted the wave field, which depends on the ice-free ocean and wind. This study characterizes the wave climate in the Arctic spanning 1992–2014 from a merged altimeter data set and a wave hindcast that uses CFSR winds and ice concentrations from satellites as input. The model performs well, verified by the altimeters, and is relatively consistent for climate studies. The wave seasonality and extremes are linked to the ice coverage, wind strength, and wind direction, creating distinct features in the wind seas and swells. The altimeters and model show that the reduction of sea ice coverage causes increasing wave heights instead of the wind. However, trends are convoluted by interannual climate oscillations like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. In the Nordic Greenland Sea the NAO influences the decreasing wind speeds and wave heights. Swells are becoming more prevalent and wind-sea steepness is declining. The satellite data show the sea ice minimum occurs later in fall when the wind speeds increase. This creates more favorable conditions for wave development. Therefore we expect the ice freeze-up in fall to be the most critical season in the Arctic and small changes in ice cover, wind speeds, and wave heights can have large impacts to the evolution of the sea ice throughout the year. It is inconclusive how important wave–ice processes are within the climate system, but selected events suggest the importance of waves within the marginal ice zone. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stopa, Justin Ardhuin, Fabrice Girard-ardhuin, Fanny |
spellingShingle |
Stopa, Justin Ardhuin, Fabrice Girard-ardhuin, Fanny Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
author_facet |
Stopa, Justin Ardhuin, Fabrice Girard-ardhuin, Fanny |
author_sort |
Stopa, Justin |
title |
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
title_short |
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
title_full |
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
title_fullStr |
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wave climate in the Arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
title_sort |
wave climate in the arctic 1992-2014: seasonality and trends |
publisher |
Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/45461.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/ |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
op_source |
Cryosphere (1994-0416) (Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh), 2016 , Vol. 10 , N. 4 , P. 1605-1629 |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/45461.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45816/ |
op_rights |
Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1605-2016 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1605 |
op_container_end_page |
1629 |
_version_ |
1766322210046214144 |