Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
The life histories of oysters in the genus Crassostrea, like those of most marine bivalves, are typified by high fecundity and low survival in nature. Rearing conditions in hatcheries however ensure optimized density, diet, and temperature. Hatcheries are becoming increasingly important for the prod...
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ftarchimer:oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:1677 2023-05-15T15:58:04+02:00 Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Taris, Nicolas Ernande, Bruno Mccombie, Helen Boudry, Pierre 2006-05 application/pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1677/ eng eng Elsevier https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1677/ 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (0022-0981) (Elsevier), 2006-05 , Vol. 333 , N. 1 , P. 147-158 Oysters Larvae Hatchery Genetic diversity Culling Crassostrea gigas text Publication info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2006 ftarchimer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 2021-09-23T20:14:05Z The life histories of oysters in the genus Crassostrea, like those of most marine bivalves, are typified by high fecundity and low survival in nature. Rearing conditions in hatcheries however ensure optimized density, diet, and temperature. Hatcheries are becoming increasingly important for the production of juveniles in aquaculture, and their culture practices often include culling of slow growing larvae to reduce and synchronize the time taken to reach settlement. Because previous studies have found substantial genetic variation for early life developmental traits in Crassostrea gigas, these culling practices are likely to cause highly different selective pressures in hatcheries from those in the natural environment. We studied the phenotypic and genetic impact of such culling practices in a factorial cross between 10 males and 3 females subjected to progressive culling of the smallest 50% of larvae, compared with a non-culled control. Measurements were made on larval growth, survival, time taken to attain pediveliger stage and settlement success. Culling had a larger effect on the variance of these larval traits than on their means. The larvae in culled cultures were approximately 10% larger than those in controls, whereas the coefficient of variation was reduced by 30-40%. Culling also reduced the mean time to settlement by 12% and its variance by 55%. Using a multiplexed set of microsatellite markers to trace parentage, we also estimated the variance in reproductive success in a controlled experiment to quantify the consequences of intensive hatchery rearing practices. We also focused on changes in effective population size and genetic structure over time (and developmental stages). Our results show a loss of genetic diversity following removal of the smallest larvae by culling, as well as temporally varying genetic structure of the larval population. This supports the existence of genetic variability in early life developmental traits in C. gigas. Culling in hatcheries, like size-related selective pressures in the wild, are likely to have a significant genetic impact, through their effects on the timing of settlement. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) Pacific Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 333 1 147 158 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Archimer (Archive Institutionnelle de l'Ifremer - Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer) |
op_collection_id |
ftarchimer |
language |
English |
topic |
Oysters Larvae Hatchery Genetic diversity Culling Crassostrea gigas |
spellingShingle |
Oysters Larvae Hatchery Genetic diversity Culling Crassostrea gigas Taris, Nicolas Ernande, Bruno Mccombie, Helen Boudry, Pierre Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
topic_facet |
Oysters Larvae Hatchery Genetic diversity Culling Crassostrea gigas |
description |
The life histories of oysters in the genus Crassostrea, like those of most marine bivalves, are typified by high fecundity and low survival in nature. Rearing conditions in hatcheries however ensure optimized density, diet, and temperature. Hatcheries are becoming increasingly important for the production of juveniles in aquaculture, and their culture practices often include culling of slow growing larvae to reduce and synchronize the time taken to reach settlement. Because previous studies have found substantial genetic variation for early life developmental traits in Crassostrea gigas, these culling practices are likely to cause highly different selective pressures in hatcheries from those in the natural environment. We studied the phenotypic and genetic impact of such culling practices in a factorial cross between 10 males and 3 females subjected to progressive culling of the smallest 50% of larvae, compared with a non-culled control. Measurements were made on larval growth, survival, time taken to attain pediveliger stage and settlement success. Culling had a larger effect on the variance of these larval traits than on their means. The larvae in culled cultures were approximately 10% larger than those in controls, whereas the coefficient of variation was reduced by 30-40%. Culling also reduced the mean time to settlement by 12% and its variance by 55%. Using a multiplexed set of microsatellite markers to trace parentage, we also estimated the variance in reproductive success in a controlled experiment to quantify the consequences of intensive hatchery rearing practices. We also focused on changes in effective population size and genetic structure over time (and developmental stages). Our results show a loss of genetic diversity following removal of the smallest larvae by culling, as well as temporally varying genetic structure of the larval population. This supports the existence of genetic variability in early life developmental traits in C. gigas. Culling in hatcheries, like size-related selective pressures in the wild, are likely to have a significant genetic impact, through their effects on the timing of settlement. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Taris, Nicolas Ernande, Bruno Mccombie, Helen Boudry, Pierre |
author_facet |
Taris, Nicolas Ernande, Bruno Mccombie, Helen Boudry, Pierre |
author_sort |
Taris, Nicolas |
title |
Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
title_short |
Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
title_full |
Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
title_fullStr |
Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) |
title_sort |
phenotypic and genetic consequences of size selection at the larval stage in the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1677/ |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (0022-0981) (Elsevier), 2006-05 , Vol. 333 , N. 1 , P. 147-158 |
op_relation |
https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1677/ |
op_rights |
2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess restricted use |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.007 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology |
container_volume |
333 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
147 |
op_container_end_page |
158 |
_version_ |
1766393796272062464 |