An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing
An analytical model of the full-depth ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation for an idealized Atlantic basin with a circumpolar channel is presented. The model explicitly describes the ocean response to both Southern Ocean winds and the global pattern and strength of prescribed...
Published in: | Journal of Physical Oceanography |
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American Meteorological Society
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ftanucanberra:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/69978 2024-01-14T10:02:17+01:00 An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing Shakespear, Callum Hogg, Andrew http://hdl.handle.net/1885/69978 https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/5/f5625xPUB2180_2012.pdf.jpg https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/7/01_Shakespear_An_analytical_model_of_the_2012.pdf.jpg unknown American Meteorological Society 0022-3670 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/69978 doi:10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/5/f5625xPUB2180_2012.pdf.jpg https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/7/01_Shakespear_An_analytical_model_of_the_2012.pdf.jpg Author/s retain copyright Journal of Physical Oceanography Keywords: Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulations Ocean circulation Ocean model Southern ocean Analytical models Models Ocean currents Wind stress Buoyancy abyssal circulation analytical method buoyancy forcing circulation modeling Ekm Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulation Ocean models Journal article ftanucanberra https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 2023-12-15T09:36:46Z An analytical model of the full-depth ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation for an idealized Atlantic basin with a circumpolar channel is presented. The model explicitly describes the ocean response to both Southern Ocean winds and the global pattern and strength of prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes. The construction of three layers, defined by the two isopycnals of overturning extrema, allows the description of circulation and stratification in both the upper and abyssal ocean. The system is fully solved in the adiabatic limit to yield scales for the surface layer thickness, buoyancies of each layer, and overturning magnitudes. The analytical model also allows scaling of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) transport. The veracity of the three-layer framework and derived scales is confirmed by applying the analytical model to an idealized geometry, eddy-permitting ocean general circulation model. Consistent with previous results, the abyssal overturning is found to scale inversely with wind stress, whereas the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness scale linearly with wind stress. In terms of the prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes, increased negative fluxes (buoyancy removal) in the North Atlantic increase the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness, whereas increased positive fluxes in the middle and low latitudes lead to a decrease in both parameters. Increased negative surface buoyancy fluxes to the south of Drake Passage increase the abyssal overturning and reduce the abyssal buoyancy. The ACC transport scales to first order with the sum of the Ekman transport and the abyssal overturning and thus increases with both wind stress and southern surface buoyancy flux magnitude. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage North Atlantic Southern Ocean Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage Journal of Physical Oceanography 42 8 1270 1287 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections |
op_collection_id |
ftanucanberra |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Keywords: Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulations Ocean circulation Ocean model Southern ocean Analytical models Models Ocean currents Wind stress Buoyancy abyssal circulation analytical method buoyancy forcing circulation modeling Ekm Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulation Ocean models |
spellingShingle |
Keywords: Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulations Ocean circulation Ocean model Southern ocean Analytical models Models Ocean currents Wind stress Buoyancy abyssal circulation analytical method buoyancy forcing circulation modeling Ekm Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulation Ocean models Shakespear, Callum Hogg, Andrew An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
topic_facet |
Keywords: Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulations Ocean circulation Ocean model Southern ocean Analytical models Models Ocean currents Wind stress Buoyancy abyssal circulation analytical method buoyancy forcing circulation modeling Ekm Abyssal circulation Meridional overturning circulation Ocean models |
description |
An analytical model of the full-depth ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation for an idealized Atlantic basin with a circumpolar channel is presented. The model explicitly describes the ocean response to both Southern Ocean winds and the global pattern and strength of prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes. The construction of three layers, defined by the two isopycnals of overturning extrema, allows the description of circulation and stratification in both the upper and abyssal ocean. The system is fully solved in the adiabatic limit to yield scales for the surface layer thickness, buoyancies of each layer, and overturning magnitudes. The analytical model also allows scaling of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) transport. The veracity of the three-layer framework and derived scales is confirmed by applying the analytical model to an idealized geometry, eddy-permitting ocean general circulation model. Consistent with previous results, the abyssal overturning is found to scale inversely with wind stress, whereas the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness scale linearly with wind stress. In terms of the prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes, increased negative fluxes (buoyancy removal) in the North Atlantic increase the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness, whereas increased positive fluxes in the middle and low latitudes lead to a decrease in both parameters. Increased negative surface buoyancy fluxes to the south of Drake Passage increase the abyssal overturning and reduce the abyssal buoyancy. The ACC transport scales to first order with the sum of the Ekman transport and the abyssal overturning and thus increases with both wind stress and southern surface buoyancy flux magnitude. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shakespear, Callum Hogg, Andrew |
author_facet |
Shakespear, Callum Hogg, Andrew |
author_sort |
Shakespear, Callum |
title |
An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
title_short |
An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
title_full |
An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
title_fullStr |
An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
title_sort |
analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1885/69978 https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/5/f5625xPUB2180_2012.pdf.jpg https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/7/01_Shakespear_An_analytical_model_of_the_2012.pdf.jpg |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Journal of Physical Oceanography |
op_relation |
0022-3670 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/69978 doi:10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/5/f5625xPUB2180_2012.pdf.jpg https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/69978/7/01_Shakespear_An_analytical_model_of_the_2012.pdf.jpg |
op_rights |
Author/s retain copyright |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-11-0198.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Physical Oceanography |
container_volume |
42 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1270 |
op_container_end_page |
1287 |
_version_ |
1788057213844062208 |