Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface
The Southern Ocean plays a leading oceanic role in Earth’s changing climate, accommodating over two thirds of the excess anthropogenic heat to date. In spite of this, climate and ocean models exhibit substantial variability in Southern Ocean heat uptake and storage, reflecting the modelling challeng...
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ftanucanberra:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/205886 2024-01-14T10:10:38+01:00 Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface Stewart, Kial Hogg, Andrew application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1885/205886 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/205886/3/stewart_hogg_OMOD_resub.pdf.jpg en_AU eng Elsevier http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP160100073 1463-5003 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/205886 doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/205886/3/stewart_hogg_OMOD_resub.pdf.jpg © 2019 Elsevier Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Ocean Modelling Southern Ocean heat uptake Wind stress curl Ekman/wind-driven upwelling/downwelling Vertical/horizontal resolution Journal article ftanucanberra https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 2023-12-15T09:36:17Z The Southern Ocean plays a leading oceanic role in Earth’s changing climate, accommodating over two thirds of the excess anthropogenic heat to date. In spite of this, climate and ocean models exhibit substantial variability in Southern Ocean heat uptake and storage, reflecting the modelling challenges of representing the responsible mechanisms. Here, Southern Ocean heat uptake is investigated in a suite of global ocean–sea-ice simulations run over a range of vertical and horizontal resolutions and forced with an idealized thermal perturbation. It is found that the ocean surface speed is sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface. Subsequently, the wind stress and its curl, which are important factors for Southern Ocean heat uptake, are also sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface, tending to decrease with refined surface resolution. It follows that the Southern Ocean heat uptake itself is sensitive to the vertical resolution at the surface; indeed, the simulations here with relatively coarse surface resolution (10m) exhibit heat content changes at rates nearly double that of simulations with finer surface resolution (1m). There is relatively little sensitivity of Southern Ocean heat uptake to the horizontal resolutions examined here (1◦ and 0.25◦), although the higher resolution simulations exhibit increased wind-driven upwelling. Importantly, all simulations demonstrate that the location of the zero wind stress curl determines the location of the maximum heat uptake. These findings offer guidance for examining Southern Ocean heat uptake and storage in future modelling studies and observations. COSIMA is supported by an Australian Research Council Linkage Project (LP160100073). KDS was supported by the Australian Government Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Southern Ocean Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections Southern Ocean Curl ENVELOPE(-63.071,-63.071,-70.797,-70.797) Ocean Modelling 143 101456 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections |
op_collection_id |
ftanucanberra |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean heat uptake Wind stress curl Ekman/wind-driven upwelling/downwelling Vertical/horizontal resolution |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean heat uptake Wind stress curl Ekman/wind-driven upwelling/downwelling Vertical/horizontal resolution Stewart, Kial Hogg, Andrew Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean heat uptake Wind stress curl Ekman/wind-driven upwelling/downwelling Vertical/horizontal resolution |
description |
The Southern Ocean plays a leading oceanic role in Earth’s changing climate, accommodating over two thirds of the excess anthropogenic heat to date. In spite of this, climate and ocean models exhibit substantial variability in Southern Ocean heat uptake and storage, reflecting the modelling challenges of representing the responsible mechanisms. Here, Southern Ocean heat uptake is investigated in a suite of global ocean–sea-ice simulations run over a range of vertical and horizontal resolutions and forced with an idealized thermal perturbation. It is found that the ocean surface speed is sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface. Subsequently, the wind stress and its curl, which are important factors for Southern Ocean heat uptake, are also sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface, tending to decrease with refined surface resolution. It follows that the Southern Ocean heat uptake itself is sensitive to the vertical resolution at the surface; indeed, the simulations here with relatively coarse surface resolution (10m) exhibit heat content changes at rates nearly double that of simulations with finer surface resolution (1m). There is relatively little sensitivity of Southern Ocean heat uptake to the horizontal resolutions examined here (1◦ and 0.25◦), although the higher resolution simulations exhibit increased wind-driven upwelling. Importantly, all simulations demonstrate that the location of the zero wind stress curl determines the location of the maximum heat uptake. These findings offer guidance for examining Southern Ocean heat uptake and storage in future modelling studies and observations. COSIMA is supported by an Australian Research Council Linkage Project (LP160100073). KDS was supported by the Australian Government |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stewart, Kial Hogg, Andrew |
author_facet |
Stewart, Kial Hogg, Andrew |
author_sort |
Stewart, Kial |
title |
Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
title_short |
Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
title_full |
Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
title_fullStr |
Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
title_sort |
southern ocean heat and momentum uptake are sensitive to the vertical resolution at the ocean surface |
publisher |
Elsevier |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1885/205886 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/205886/3/stewart_hogg_OMOD_resub.pdf.jpg |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-63.071,-63.071,-70.797,-70.797) |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Curl |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Curl |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Ocean Modelling |
op_relation |
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP160100073 1463-5003 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/205886 doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/205886/3/stewart_hogg_OMOD_resub.pdf.jpg |
op_rights |
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101456 |
container_title |
Ocean Modelling |
container_volume |
143 |
container_start_page |
101456 |
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1788065412692312064 |