The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species
The ability of carbon to combine with oxygen or/and hydrogen, leading to the formation of complex molecules such as amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, in the presence of water, forms the basis of the chemistry of advanced life. The carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur cy...
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ftanucanberra:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/201646 2024-01-14T10:08:04+01:00 The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species Glikson, Michal Marien, O. Voigt, M. Snaebjornsdottir, S. Oelkers, E. Reykjavik, Iceland 2019-11-25T07:32:19Z 9 pages application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1885/201646 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/201646/5/01_Glikson_The_lungs_of_the_Earth%253A_Review_2018.pdf.jpg en_AU eng Elsevier Ltd 2018 International Carbon Conference, ICC 2018 1876-6102 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/201646 doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/201646/5/01_Glikson_The_lungs_of_the_Earth%253A_Review_2018.pdf.jpg © 2018 Elsevier Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license and permits non-commercial use of the work as published, without adaptation or alteration provided the work is fully attributed. Energy Procedia Atmosphere carbon methane temperature greenhouse Journal article 2019 ftanucanberra https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 2023-12-15T09:38:43Z The ability of carbon to combine with oxygen or/and hydrogen, leading to the formation of complex molecules such as amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, in the presence of water, forms the basis of the chemistry of advanced life. The carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur cycles, mediated by the atmosphere-ocean-land system, constitute the "lungs of the biosphere", allowing the exchange of essential components of biological molecules. The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, release of oxygen, respiration and burial of carbon produce the balance on which the biosphere depends. The atmospheric concentration of carbon-dominated greenhouse gases plays a key role regulating terrestrial temperatures. The mean global temperature of ~14.9°C allows the existence on the Earth surface of aqueous media where metabolic microbiological processes are performed, among other by chemo-bacteria, microbes and algae. The geological record displays a close correspondence between paleo-CO 2 levels and paleo-temperature trends, allowing the identification of environmental factors that underlie the evolution and extinction of species. Unoxidizing atmospheric and low-pH hydrosphere conditions on the early Earth, dominated by methane, CO 2 and CO, constrained the appearance of oxygenating organisms, with the exception of minor oxygen release by stromatolites. An increase in photosynthetic oxygen about 2.45 Ga was associated with proliferation of phytoplankton. Glaciation followed by the "Cambrian Explosion" of life at 543 Ma is considered responsible for development of complex proteins and abundant marine life. The anthropogenic extraction and transfer from the Earth's crust to the atmosphere of carbon, including coal, oil, tar sand, shale oil, methane gas, coal seam gas and other forms of hydrocarbon, constitutes the most significant shift in composition of the atmosphere since the PETM hyperthermal event (~56 Ma) and the K-T boundary extinction (~66 Ma), with worrying consequences for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections Energy Procedia 146 3 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Australian National University: ANU Digital Collections |
op_collection_id |
ftanucanberra |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmosphere carbon methane temperature greenhouse |
spellingShingle |
Atmosphere carbon methane temperature greenhouse Glikson, Michal The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
topic_facet |
Atmosphere carbon methane temperature greenhouse |
description |
The ability of carbon to combine with oxygen or/and hydrogen, leading to the formation of complex molecules such as amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, in the presence of water, forms the basis of the chemistry of advanced life. The carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur cycles, mediated by the atmosphere-ocean-land system, constitute the "lungs of the biosphere", allowing the exchange of essential components of biological molecules. The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, release of oxygen, respiration and burial of carbon produce the balance on which the biosphere depends. The atmospheric concentration of carbon-dominated greenhouse gases plays a key role regulating terrestrial temperatures. The mean global temperature of ~14.9°C allows the existence on the Earth surface of aqueous media where metabolic microbiological processes are performed, among other by chemo-bacteria, microbes and algae. The geological record displays a close correspondence between paleo-CO 2 levels and paleo-temperature trends, allowing the identification of environmental factors that underlie the evolution and extinction of species. Unoxidizing atmospheric and low-pH hydrosphere conditions on the early Earth, dominated by methane, CO 2 and CO, constrained the appearance of oxygenating organisms, with the exception of minor oxygen release by stromatolites. An increase in photosynthetic oxygen about 2.45 Ga was associated with proliferation of phytoplankton. Glaciation followed by the "Cambrian Explosion" of life at 543 Ma is considered responsible for development of complex proteins and abundant marine life. The anthropogenic extraction and transfer from the Earth's crust to the atmosphere of carbon, including coal, oil, tar sand, shale oil, methane gas, coal seam gas and other forms of hydrocarbon, constitutes the most significant shift in composition of the atmosphere since the PETM hyperthermal event (~56 Ma) and the K-T boundary extinction (~66 Ma), with worrying consequences for ... |
author2 |
Marien, O. Voigt, M. Snaebjornsdottir, S. Oelkers, E. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Glikson, Michal |
author_facet |
Glikson, Michal |
author_sort |
Glikson, Michal |
title |
The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
title_short |
The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
title_full |
The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
title_fullStr |
The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
title_full_unstemmed |
The lungs of the Earth: Review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
title_sort |
lungs of the earth: review of the carbon cycle and mass extinction of species |
publisher |
Elsevier Ltd |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1885/201646 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/201646/5/01_Glikson_The_lungs_of_the_Earth%253A_Review_2018.pdf.jpg |
op_coverage |
Reykjavik, Iceland |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Energy Procedia |
op_relation |
2018 International Carbon Conference, ICC 2018 1876-6102 http://hdl.handle.net/1885/201646 doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/201646/5/01_Glikson_The_lungs_of_the_Earth%253A_Review_2018.pdf.jpg |
op_rights |
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license and permits non-commercial use of the work as published, without adaptation or alteration provided the work is fully attributed. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.002 |
container_title |
Energy Procedia |
container_volume |
146 |
container_start_page |
3 |
op_container_end_page |
11 |
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1788062490420051968 |