Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean
International audience The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, a process that is mainly driven by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon (C ant) from the atmosphere. Although C ant concentrations cannot be measured directly in the ocean, they have been estimated using data-ba...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2020
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199/document https://hal.science/hal-02971199/file/2020JC016124.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016124 |
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Portail HAL-ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Terhaar, Jens Tanhua, Toste Stöven, T. Orr, James C. Bopp, Laurent Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, a process that is mainly driven by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon (C ant) from the atmosphere. Although C ant concentrations cannot be measured directly in the ocean, they have been estimated using data-based methods such as the transient time distribution (TTD) approach, which characterizes the ventilation of water masses with inert transient tracers, such as CFC-12. Here, we evaluate the TTD approach in the Arctic Ocean using an eddying ocean model as a test bed. When the TTD approach is applied to simulated CFC-12 in that model, it underestimates the same model's directly simulated C ant concentrations by up to 12%, a bias that stems from its idealized assumption of gas equilibrium between atmosphere and surface water, both for CFC-12 and anthropogenic CO 2. Unlike the idealized assumption, the simulated partial pressure of CFC-12 (pCFC-12) in Arctic surface waters is undersaturated relative to that in the atmosphere in regions and times of deep-water formation, while the simulated equivalent for C ant is supersaturated. After accounting for the TTD approach's negative bias, the total amount of C ant in the Arctic Ocean in 2005 increases by 8% to 3.3 ± 0.3 Pg C. By combining the adjusted TTD approach with scenarios of future atmospheric CO 2 , it is estimated that all Arctic waters, from surface to depth, would become corrosive to aragonite by the middle of the next century even if atmospheric CO 2 could be stabilized at 540 ppm. |
author2 |
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) ANR-16-CE01-0014,SOBUMS,Comprendre la réponse du cycle du carbone dans l'océan austral au stress climatique(2016) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Terhaar, Jens Tanhua, Toste Stöven, T. Orr, James C. Bopp, Laurent |
author_facet |
Terhaar, Jens Tanhua, Toste Stöven, T. Orr, James C. Bopp, Laurent |
author_sort |
Terhaar, Jens |
title |
Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
evaluation of data‐based estimates of anthropogenic carbon in the arctic ocean |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199/document https://hal.science/hal-02971199/file/2020JC016124.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016124 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-9275 EISSN: 2169-9291 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans https://hal.science/hal-02971199 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 2020, 125 (6), pp.e2020JC016124. ⟨10.1029/2020JC016124⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020JC016124 hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199/document https://hal.science/hal-02971199/file/2020JC016124.pdf doi:10.1029/2020JC016124 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016124 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
125 |
container_issue |
6 |
_version_ |
1811634820147576832 |
spelling |
ftanrparis:oai:HAL:hal-02971199v1 2024-09-30T14:29:33+00:00 Evaluation of Data‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean Terhaar, Jens Tanhua, Toste Stöven, T. Orr, James C. Bopp, Laurent Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X) Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) ANR-16-CE01-0014,SOBUMS,Comprendre la réponse du cycle du carbone dans l'océan austral au stress climatique(2016) 2020 https://hal.science/hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199/document https://hal.science/hal-02971199/file/2020JC016124.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016124 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020JC016124 hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199 https://hal.science/hal-02971199/document https://hal.science/hal-02971199/file/2020JC016124.pdf doi:10.1029/2020JC016124 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-9275 EISSN: 2169-9291 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans https://hal.science/hal-02971199 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 2020, 125 (6), pp.e2020JC016124. ⟨10.1029/2020JC016124⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftanrparis https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016124 2024-09-05T00:06:58Z International audience The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, a process that is mainly driven by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon (C ant) from the atmosphere. Although C ant concentrations cannot be measured directly in the ocean, they have been estimated using data-based methods such as the transient time distribution (TTD) approach, which characterizes the ventilation of water masses with inert transient tracers, such as CFC-12. Here, we evaluate the TTD approach in the Arctic Ocean using an eddying ocean model as a test bed. When the TTD approach is applied to simulated CFC-12 in that model, it underestimates the same model's directly simulated C ant concentrations by up to 12%, a bias that stems from its idealized assumption of gas equilibrium between atmosphere and surface water, both for CFC-12 and anthropogenic CO 2. Unlike the idealized assumption, the simulated partial pressure of CFC-12 (pCFC-12) in Arctic surface waters is undersaturated relative to that in the atmosphere in regions and times of deep-water formation, while the simulated equivalent for C ant is supersaturated. After accounting for the TTD approach's negative bias, the total amount of C ant in the Arctic Ocean in 2005 increases by 8% to 3.3 ± 0.3 Pg C. By combining the adjusted TTD approach with scenarios of future atmospheric CO 2 , it is estimated that all Arctic waters, from surface to depth, would become corrosive to aragonite by the middle of the next century even if atmospheric CO 2 could be stabilized at 540 ppm. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification Portail HAL-ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) Arctic Arctic Ocean Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 125 6 |