Diatom species and biogenic particle fluxes in the Australian sector of the Subantarctic and Polar Frontal Zones at ~ 1 km depth

• Format: Dataset
• Language: unknown
• Published: Australian Ocean Data Network
• Subjects: biota; oceans; EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > PLANTS > MICROALGAE > DIATOMS; PROTISTS > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > BIOGENIC SEDIMENTS; Particle Flux; SHIPS; R/V AA > R/V Aurora Australis; AMD; AMD/AU; CEOS; ACE/CRC; OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN; GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR; Southern Ocean; Austral; Indian; Southeast Indian Ridge; aurora australis
• Online Access: https://researchdata.edu.au/diatom-species-biogenic-km-depth/2819250

Progress Code: completed Statement: Some large and/or entangled frustules of some large diatom taxa, such as Thalassiothrix, could have been be retained in the 1 mm screen mesh, and therefore, underrepresented in this study. Diatom and biogenic particle fluxes were investigated over a two-year and six-year periods at the Subantarctic and Polar Frontal Zones, respectively, in the Australian Sector of the Southern Ocean. Both sites were located along ~ 140 degrees E: station 47 degrees S was set on the abyssal plain of the central SAZ whereas station 54 degrees S was placed on a bathymetric high of the Southeast Indian Ridge in the PFZ. The data sets contain diatom species and biogeochemical flux data measured at 1000 m at the 47 degrees S site between 1999-2001 and at 800 m at the 54 degrees S site during six selected years between 1997-2007. All traps were MacLane Parflux sediment traps: conical in shape with a 0.5 m2 opening area and equipped with a carousel of 13 or 21 sampling cups. Shortest intervals corresponded with the austral summer and autumn ranging typically between 4.25 and 10 days, whereas the longest intervals were 60 days and corresponded with winter. Total fluxes of particulates at both traps were highly seasonal, with maxima registered during the austral spring and summer and very low fluxes during winter. Seasonality was more pronounced in the 54 degrees S site. Biogenic silica (SiO2) was the dominant bulk component in the PFZ while carbonate (CaCO3) dominated the particle fluxes at the SAZ. POC export was relatively similar between sites despite significant differences in the total diatom flux. Diatom frustules from 94 taxa were identified over the entire experiment. The dominant species of the diatom assemblage was Fragilariopsis kerguelensis at both sites, representing 43% and 59% of the integrated diatom assemblage at the 47 degrees S and 54 degrees S sites, respectively. Secondary contributors to the diatom assemblage at the 47 degrees S were Azpeitia tabularis, Thalassiosira sp. 1, ...