Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding
Highly mobile predators can show strong numerical responses to pulsed resources, sometimes resulting in irruptions where large numbers of young invade landscapes at a continental scale. High production of young in irruption years may have a strong influence on the population dynamics unless immature...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 |
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ftagderuniv:oai:uia.brage.unit.no:11250/2986360 2023-05-15T15:00:33+02:00 Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding McCabe, Rebecca A. Therrien, Jean‑François Wiebe, Karen Gauthier, Gilles Brinker, David Weidensaul, Scott Reid, Donald Doyle, Frank I. Jacobsen, Karl-Otto Aarvak, Tomas Øien, Ingar Jostein Solheim, Roar Fitzgerald, Guy Smith, Norman Bates, Kirk Fuller, Mark Miller, Erica Elliott, Kyle H. 2021 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 eng eng Springer Andre: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada McCabe, R.A., Therrien, J., Wiebe, K., Gauthier, G., Brinker, D., Weidensaul, S., Reid, D., Doyle, F. I., Jacobsen, K., Aarvak, T., Øien, I.J., Solheim, R., Fitzgerald, G., Smith, N., Bates, K., Fuller, M., Miller, E. & Elliott, K.H. (2021) Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding Oecologia. 2021. urn:issn:0029-8549 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 cristin:1946746 © 2021 The Author(s) cc-by CC-BY 12 Oecologia VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Journal article Peer reviewed 2021 ftagderuniv https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 2022-12-11T06:51:12Z Highly mobile predators can show strong numerical responses to pulsed resources, sometimes resulting in irruptions where large numbers of young invade landscapes at a continental scale. High production of young in irruption years may have a strong influence on the population dynamics unless immature survival is reduced compared to non-irruption years. This could occur if subordinate individuals (mainly immatures) are forced into suboptimal habitats due to density-dependent effects in irruption years. To test whether irruptive individuals had lower survival than non-irruptive ones, we combined necropsy results (N = 365) with telemetry (N = 185) from more than 20 years to record timing and causes of mortality in snowy owls (Bubo scandiacus), which irrupt into eastern North America during winter following high breeding output caused by lemming peaks in the Arctic. Mortality was more than four times higher in irruption years than non-irruption years, but only for immatures, and occurred disproportionately in early winter for immatures, but not adults. Mortality was also higher in eastern North America, where owl abundance fluctuates considerably between years, compared to core winter regions of the Arctic and Prairies where populations are more stable. Most mortality was not due to starvation, but rather associated with human activity, especially vehicle collisions. We conclude that immature snowy owls that irrupt into eastern North America are limited by density-dependent factors, such as increased competition forcing individuals to occupy risky human-altered habitats. For highly mobile, irruptive animals, resource pulses may have a limited impact on population dynamics due to low subsequent survival of breeding output during the nonbreeding season. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Bubo scandiacus Unvieristy of Agder: AURA (Brage) Arctic Oecologia 198 2 295 306 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unvieristy of Agder: AURA (Brage) |
op_collection_id |
ftagderuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 McCabe, Rebecca A. Therrien, Jean‑François Wiebe, Karen Gauthier, Gilles Brinker, David Weidensaul, Scott Reid, Donald Doyle, Frank I. Jacobsen, Karl-Otto Aarvak, Tomas Øien, Ingar Jostein Solheim, Roar Fitzgerald, Guy Smith, Norman Bates, Kirk Fuller, Mark Miller, Erica Elliott, Kyle H. Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
topic_facet |
VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
description |
Highly mobile predators can show strong numerical responses to pulsed resources, sometimes resulting in irruptions where large numbers of young invade landscapes at a continental scale. High production of young in irruption years may have a strong influence on the population dynamics unless immature survival is reduced compared to non-irruption years. This could occur if subordinate individuals (mainly immatures) are forced into suboptimal habitats due to density-dependent effects in irruption years. To test whether irruptive individuals had lower survival than non-irruptive ones, we combined necropsy results (N = 365) with telemetry (N = 185) from more than 20 years to record timing and causes of mortality in snowy owls (Bubo scandiacus), which irrupt into eastern North America during winter following high breeding output caused by lemming peaks in the Arctic. Mortality was more than four times higher in irruption years than non-irruption years, but only for immatures, and occurred disproportionately in early winter for immatures, but not adults. Mortality was also higher in eastern North America, where owl abundance fluctuates considerably between years, compared to core winter regions of the Arctic and Prairies where populations are more stable. Most mortality was not due to starvation, but rather associated with human activity, especially vehicle collisions. We conclude that immature snowy owls that irrupt into eastern North America are limited by density-dependent factors, such as increased competition forcing individuals to occupy risky human-altered habitats. For highly mobile, irruptive animals, resource pulses may have a limited impact on population dynamics due to low subsequent survival of breeding output during the nonbreeding season. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McCabe, Rebecca A. Therrien, Jean‑François Wiebe, Karen Gauthier, Gilles Brinker, David Weidensaul, Scott Reid, Donald Doyle, Frank I. Jacobsen, Karl-Otto Aarvak, Tomas Øien, Ingar Jostein Solheim, Roar Fitzgerald, Guy Smith, Norman Bates, Kirk Fuller, Mark Miller, Erica Elliott, Kyle H. |
author_facet |
McCabe, Rebecca A. Therrien, Jean‑François Wiebe, Karen Gauthier, Gilles Brinker, David Weidensaul, Scott Reid, Donald Doyle, Frank I. Jacobsen, Karl-Otto Aarvak, Tomas Øien, Ingar Jostein Solheim, Roar Fitzgerald, Guy Smith, Norman Bates, Kirk Fuller, Mark Miller, Erica Elliott, Kyle H. |
author_sort |
McCabe, Rebecca A. |
title |
Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
title_short |
Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
title_full |
Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
title_fullStr |
Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
title_full_unstemmed |
Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
title_sort |
density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Bubo scandiacus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Bubo scandiacus |
op_source |
12 Oecologia |
op_relation |
Andre: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada McCabe, R.A., Therrien, J., Wiebe, K., Gauthier, G., Brinker, D., Weidensaul, S., Reid, D., Doyle, F. I., Jacobsen, K., Aarvak, T., Øien, I.J., Solheim, R., Fitzgerald, G., Smith, N., Bates, K., Fuller, M., Miller, E. & Elliott, K.H. (2021) Density‑dependent winter survival of immatures in an irruptive raptor with pulsed breeding Oecologia. 2021. urn:issn:0029-8549 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2986360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 cristin:1946746 |
op_rights |
© 2021 The Author(s) cc-by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05057-9 |
container_title |
Oecologia |
container_volume |
198 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
295 |
op_container_end_page |
306 |
_version_ |
1766332636145385472 |