Complexity and structural properties of food webs in the Barents Sea

• Published in: Oikos
• Main Authors: Olivier, Pierre, Benjamin, Planque
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2017
• Subjects: Ecological network; food webs; community ecology; Barents Sea
• Online Access: https://research.abo.fi/en/publications/cbf7885c-e515-471b-a587-1d2f5bb43560; https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.04138

A food web topology describes the diversity of species and their trophic interactions, i.e. who eats whom, and structuralanalysis of food web topologies can provide insight into ecosystem structure and function. It appears simple, at rst sight,to list all species and their trophic interactions. However, the very large number of species at low trophic levels and theimpossibility to monitor all trophic interactions in the ocean makes it impossible to construct complete food web topolo-gies. In practice, food web topologies are simpli ed by aggregating species into groups termed trophospecies. It is not clearthough, how much simpli ed versions of food webs retain the structural properties of more detailed networks. Using themost comprehensive Barents Sea food web to date, we investigate the performance of methods to construct simpli ed foodwebs using three approaches: taxonomic, structural and regular clustering. We then evaluate how topological propertiesvary with the level of network simpli cation. Results show that alteration of food web structural properties due to aggrega-tion are highly sensitive to the methodology used for grouping species and trophic links. In the speci c case of the BarentsSea, we show that it is possible to preserve key structural properties of the original complex food web in simpli ed versionswhen using taxonomic or structural clustering combined with intermediate 25% linkage for trophic aggregation.