Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe
At high latitudes, long-term changes in riverine ice break-ups are exemplary measures of climatic change and variation. This study compares cryophenological trends, patterns and changes for the rivers Aura (1749–2020), Torne (1693–2020) and Kokemäki (1793–2020); all sites are located in Finland. The...
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ftaboakademicris:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/bab0c44f-1c1e-44dd-b1c4-1d3ad8bbbb58 2023-05-15T18:32:15+02:00 Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe Norrgård, Stefan Helama, Samuli 2022-07-19 https://research.abo.fi/en/publications/bab0c44f-1c1e-44dd-b1c4-1d3ad8bbbb58 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/2881/2022/ eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Norrgård , S & Helama , S 2022 , ' Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe ' , The Cryosphere , vol. 16 , no. 7 . https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 ice breakups article 2022 ftaboakademicris https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 2022-12-04T14:22:14Z At high latitudes, long-term changes in riverine ice break-ups are exemplary measures of climatic change and variation. This study compares cryophenological trends, patterns and changes for the rivers Aura (1749–2020), Torne (1693–2020) and Kokemäki (1793–2020); all sites are located in Finland. The Kokemäki River series is a new series from the city of Pori. The findings show statistically significant cross-correlations between the Aura and Kokemäki rivers but weaker cross-correlations with the Torne River. We attribute the latter to climatic differences caused by the higher latitude of the Torne River. Taken together, the many results of this study suggest that the spring climate in the south has changed more rapidly and become less predictable than in the north. Climatic extremes – warmer and wetter winters – in the 2000s resulted in the first recorded no-freeze events on the Aura and Kokemäki rivers. This was the culmination of a rapid increase in early ice break-up events and interannual variability over the last 30 years. The number of early events has increased in all three rivers since the early or mid-1900s, but the earliest recorded break-up day on the Torne River has changed only marginally in the last 100 years. Our dynamic temperature analysis shows that the ice break-up on the Torne River requires higher temperatures than in the south, and future changes in the timing of the break-up depend on April temperatures. In the south, on the other hand, future changes concerns the return period of no-freeze events, which depend on temperature and precipitation during winter. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Åbo Akademi University Research Portal The Cryosphere 16 7 2881 2898 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Åbo Akademi University Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftaboakademicris |
language |
English |
topic |
ice breakups |
spellingShingle |
ice breakups Norrgård, Stefan Helama, Samuli Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
topic_facet |
ice breakups |
description |
At high latitudes, long-term changes in riverine ice break-ups are exemplary measures of climatic change and variation. This study compares cryophenological trends, patterns and changes for the rivers Aura (1749–2020), Torne (1693–2020) and Kokemäki (1793–2020); all sites are located in Finland. The Kokemäki River series is a new series from the city of Pori. The findings show statistically significant cross-correlations between the Aura and Kokemäki rivers but weaker cross-correlations with the Torne River. We attribute the latter to climatic differences caused by the higher latitude of the Torne River. Taken together, the many results of this study suggest that the spring climate in the south has changed more rapidly and become less predictable than in the north. Climatic extremes – warmer and wetter winters – in the 2000s resulted in the first recorded no-freeze events on the Aura and Kokemäki rivers. This was the culmination of a rapid increase in early ice break-up events and interannual variability over the last 30 years. The number of early events has increased in all three rivers since the early or mid-1900s, but the earliest recorded break-up day on the Torne River has changed only marginally in the last 100 years. Our dynamic temperature analysis shows that the ice break-up on the Torne River requires higher temperatures than in the south, and future changes in the timing of the break-up depend on April temperatures. In the south, on the other hand, future changes concerns the return period of no-freeze events, which depend on temperature and precipitation during winter. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Norrgård, Stefan Helama, Samuli |
author_facet |
Norrgård, Stefan Helama, Samuli |
author_sort |
Norrgård, Stefan |
title |
Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
title_short |
Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
title_full |
Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
title_fullStr |
Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe |
title_sort |
tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern europe |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://research.abo.fi/en/publications/bab0c44f-1c1e-44dd-b1c4-1d3ad8bbbb58 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/2881/2022/ |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
Norrgård , S & Helama , S 2022 , ' Tricentennial trends in spring ice break-ups on three rivers in northern Europe ' , The Cryosphere , vol. 16 , no. 7 . https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2881-2022 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2881 |
op_container_end_page |
2898 |
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