Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea
In this work operational sea ice synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data products were improved and developed. A SAR instrument is transmitting electromagnetic radiation at certain wavelengths and measures the radiation which is scattered back towards the instrument from the target, in our case sea and...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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Helsinki University of Technology
2006
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Online Access: | https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/2806 |
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openpolar |
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Aalto University Publication Archive (Aaltodoc) |
op_collection_id |
ftaaltouniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Electrical engineering Hydrology synthetic aperture radar SAR sea ice classification pulse-coupled neural network PCNN wavelets image compression independent component analysis |
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Electrical engineering Hydrology synthetic aperture radar SAR sea ice classification pulse-coupled neural network PCNN wavelets image compression independent component analysis Karvonen, Juha Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
topic_facet |
Electrical engineering Hydrology synthetic aperture radar SAR sea ice classification pulse-coupled neural network PCNN wavelets image compression independent component analysis |
description |
In this work operational sea ice synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data products were improved and developed. A SAR instrument is transmitting electromagnetic radiation at certain wavelengths and measures the radiation which is scattered back towards the instrument from the target, in our case sea and sea ice. The measured backscattering is converted to an image describing the target area through complex signal processing. The images, however, differ from optical images, i.e. photographs, and their visual interpretation is not straightforward. The main idea in this work has been to deliver the essential SAR-based sea ice information to end-users (typically on ships) in a compact and user-friendly format. The operational systems at Finnish Institute of Marine Research (FIMR) are currently based on the data received from a Canadian SAR-satellite, Radarsat-1. The operational sea ice classification, developed by the author with colleagues, has been further developed. One problem with the SAR data is typically that the backscattering varies depending on the incidence angle. The incidence angle is the angle in which the transmitted electromagnetic wave meets the target surface and it varies within each SAR image and between different SAR images depending on the measuring geometry. To improve this situation, an incidence angle correction algorithm to normalize the backscattering over the SAR incidence angle range for Baltic Sea ice has been developed as part of this work. The algorithm is based on SAR backscattering statistics over the Baltic Sea. To locate different sea ice areas in SAR images, a SAR segmentation algorithm based on pulse-coupled neural networks has been developed and tested. The parameters have been tuned suitable for the operational data in use at FIMR. The sea ice classification is based on this segmentation and the classification is segment-wise rather than pixel-wise. To improve SAR-based distinguishing between sea ice and open water an open water detection algorithm based on segmentation and local ... |
author2 |
Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tietotekniikan osasto Laboratory of Computer and Information Science Informaatiotekniikan laboratorio Aalto-yliopisto Aalto University |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Karvonen, Juha |
author_facet |
Karvonen, Juha |
author_sort |
Karvonen, Juha |
title |
Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
title_short |
Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
title_full |
Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
title_fullStr |
Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea |
title_sort |
compaction of c-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the baltic sea |
publisher |
Helsinki University of Technology |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/2806 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_relation |
Dissertations in computer and information science. Report D 17 J. Karvonen, M. Similä, M. Mäkynen, An Iterative Incidence Angle Normalization Algorithm for Sea Ice SAR Images, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2002), vol. III, pp. 1524-1528, 2002. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, A Wavelet Transform Coder Supporting Browsing and Transmission of Sea Ice SAR Imagery, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 40, n. 11, pp. 2464-2485, 2002. J. Karvonen, Baltic Sea Ice SAR Segmentation and Classification Using Modified Pulse-Coupled Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 42, n. 7, pp. 1566-1574, 2004. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, M. Mäkynen, Open Water Detection from Baltic Sea Ice Radarsat-1 SAR Imagery, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 2, n. 3, pp. 275-279, 2005. J. Karvonen, Feature Detection from Preprocessed Sea Ice SAR Data Based on Higher-Order Statistics, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2003), vol. VI, pp. 3450-3452, 2003. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, Independent Component Analysis for Sea Ice SAR Image Classification, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2001), vol. III, pp. 1255-1257, 2001. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, ICA-Based Classification of Sea Ice SAR Images, Proceedings of the 23rd European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories (EARSeL) Annual Symposium, Gent, Belgium, pp. 211-217, 2003. Millpress 2004. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, I. Heiler, Ice Thickness Estimation Using SAR Data and Ice Thickness History, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2003), vol. I, pp. 74-76, 2003. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, J. Haapala, C. Haas, M. Mäkynen, Comparison of SAR Data and Operational Sea Ice Products to EM Ice Thickness Measurements in the Baltic Sea, Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2004), vol. V, pp. 3021-3024, 2004. 951-22-8472-3 1459-7020 https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/2806 urn:nbn:fi:tkk-008642 |
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ftaaltouniv:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/2806 2023-05-15T18:16:22+02:00 Compaction of C-band synthetic aperture radar based sea ice information for navigation in the Baltic Sea Karvonen, Juha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tietotekniikan osasto Laboratory of Computer and Information Science Informaatiotekniikan laboratorio Aalto-yliopisto Aalto University 2006-12-08 application/pdf https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/2806 en eng Helsinki University of Technology Teknillinen korkeakoulu Dissertations in computer and information science. Report D 17 J. Karvonen, M. Similä, M. Mäkynen, An Iterative Incidence Angle Normalization Algorithm for Sea Ice SAR Images, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2002), vol. III, pp. 1524-1528, 2002. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, A Wavelet Transform Coder Supporting Browsing and Transmission of Sea Ice SAR Imagery, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 40, n. 11, pp. 2464-2485, 2002. J. Karvonen, Baltic Sea Ice SAR Segmentation and Classification Using Modified Pulse-Coupled Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 42, n. 7, pp. 1566-1574, 2004. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, M. Mäkynen, Open Water Detection from Baltic Sea Ice Radarsat-1 SAR Imagery, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 2, n. 3, pp. 275-279, 2005. J. Karvonen, Feature Detection from Preprocessed Sea Ice SAR Data Based on Higher-Order Statistics, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2003), vol. VI, pp. 3450-3452, 2003. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, Independent Component Analysis for Sea Ice SAR Image Classification, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2001), vol. III, pp. 1255-1257, 2001. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, ICA-Based Classification of Sea Ice SAR Images, Proceedings of the 23rd European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories (EARSeL) Annual Symposium, Gent, Belgium, pp. 211-217, 2003. Millpress 2004. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, I. Heiler, Ice Thickness Estimation Using SAR Data and Ice Thickness History, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2003), vol. I, pp. 74-76, 2003. J. Karvonen, M. Similä, J. Haapala, C. Haas, M. Mäkynen, Comparison of SAR Data and Operational Sea Ice Products to EM Ice Thickness Measurements in the Baltic Sea, Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2004), vol. V, pp. 3021-3024, 2004. 951-22-8472-3 1459-7020 https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/2806 urn:nbn:fi:tkk-008642 Electrical engineering Hydrology synthetic aperture radar SAR sea ice classification pulse-coupled neural network PCNN wavelets image compression independent component analysis G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja text Väitöskirja (artikkeli) Doctoral dissertation (article-based) 2006 ftaaltouniv 2022-12-15T19:11:31Z In this work operational sea ice synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data products were improved and developed. A SAR instrument is transmitting electromagnetic radiation at certain wavelengths and measures the radiation which is scattered back towards the instrument from the target, in our case sea and sea ice. The measured backscattering is converted to an image describing the target area through complex signal processing. The images, however, differ from optical images, i.e. photographs, and their visual interpretation is not straightforward. The main idea in this work has been to deliver the essential SAR-based sea ice information to end-users (typically on ships) in a compact and user-friendly format. The operational systems at Finnish Institute of Marine Research (FIMR) are currently based on the data received from a Canadian SAR-satellite, Radarsat-1. The operational sea ice classification, developed by the author with colleagues, has been further developed. One problem with the SAR data is typically that the backscattering varies depending on the incidence angle. The incidence angle is the angle in which the transmitted electromagnetic wave meets the target surface and it varies within each SAR image and between different SAR images depending on the measuring geometry. To improve this situation, an incidence angle correction algorithm to normalize the backscattering over the SAR incidence angle range for Baltic Sea ice has been developed as part of this work. The algorithm is based on SAR backscattering statistics over the Baltic Sea. To locate different sea ice areas in SAR images, a SAR segmentation algorithm based on pulse-coupled neural networks has been developed and tested. The parameters have been tuned suitable for the operational data in use at FIMR. The sea ice classification is based on this segmentation and the classification is segment-wise rather than pixel-wise. To improve SAR-based distinguishing between sea ice and open water an open water detection algorithm based on segmentation and local ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Sea ice Aalto University Publication Archive (Aaltodoc) |