Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017
Mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet has been accelerating since the 1990s, and in recent years (2009‐2012), about 85% of its rate of increase were due to increased surface melt and subsequent runoff. The Greenland surface melt extent and duration have increased over the last decade, in response to...
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Arctic Data Center
2020
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dataone:urn:uuid:6323e942-4864-43b5-ae8f-7607768dcc9b 2024-06-03T18:46:51+00:00 Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 Clément Miège Greenland Ice Sheet ENVELOPE(-68.5,-25.0,76.3331,60.0) BEGINDATE: 2010-05-07T00:00:00Z ENDDATE: 2017-05-11T00:00:00Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://search.dataone.org/view/urn:uuid:6323e942-4864-43b5-ae8f-7607768dcc9b unknown Arctic Data Center Firn Aquifer Greenland Ice Sheet Airborne Radar Dataset 2020 dataone:urn:node:ARCTIC 2024-06-03T18:16:43Z Mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet has been accelerating since the 1990s, and in recent years (2009‐2012), about 85% of its rate of increase were due to increased surface melt and subsequent runoff. The Greenland surface melt extent and duration have increased over the last decade, in response to increased advection of warm air from the south during summers. Surface melt is not only occurring in the lower elevation margins of the ice sheet but also migrating toward the ice sheet interior, causing a reduction of the dry-snow zone and an expansion of the percolation zone. Widespread firn aquifers have been detected in high-accumulation regions of the ice-sheet percolation zone. In these regions, firn aquifers retain water for at least several years, storing a substantial amount of water responsible of heating the firn and delaying meltwater runoff. Their impacts on the ice sheet are numerous, including firn densification, alteration of the ice thermal state, and water input from the aquifer into the englacial hydrology system, which has the potential to affect ice dynamics and Greenland's contribution to sea level rise. This dataset provides the locations of firn aquifers for the high snow-accumulation regions of the Greenland ice sheet. To achieve this goal, we use NASA Operation IceBridge Accumulation Radar data from six campaigns (2010-2014 and 2017) and the Multichannel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (MCoRDS) from two campaigns (2015-2016). We pick the brighter reflection horizons in the firn which are due to strong dielectric contrasts created by the presence of water. For estimating a total firn-aquifer extent, we delineate polygons around flightlines showing water-saturated firn for the 2010-2017 period combined. With this method, we find a 28,750 km2 total extent. In addition of providing the firn aquifer extents map by the mean of polygons, we also provide yearly files with firn-aquifer coordinates and depth to the water table. This way, the interannual variability can be investigated in places with repeat flightlines for the 2010-2017 time period. Dataset Greenland Ice Sheet Arctic Data Center (via DataONE) Greenland ENVELOPE(-68.5,-25.0,76.3331,60.0) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Arctic Data Center (via DataONE) |
op_collection_id |
dataone:urn:node:ARCTIC |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Firn Aquifer Greenland Ice Sheet Airborne Radar |
spellingShingle |
Firn Aquifer Greenland Ice Sheet Airborne Radar Clément Miège Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
topic_facet |
Firn Aquifer Greenland Ice Sheet Airborne Radar |
description |
Mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet has been accelerating since the 1990s, and in recent years (2009‐2012), about 85% of its rate of increase were due to increased surface melt and subsequent runoff. The Greenland surface melt extent and duration have increased over the last decade, in response to increased advection of warm air from the south during summers. Surface melt is not only occurring in the lower elevation margins of the ice sheet but also migrating toward the ice sheet interior, causing a reduction of the dry-snow zone and an expansion of the percolation zone. Widespread firn aquifers have been detected in high-accumulation regions of the ice-sheet percolation zone. In these regions, firn aquifers retain water for at least several years, storing a substantial amount of water responsible of heating the firn and delaying meltwater runoff. Their impacts on the ice sheet are numerous, including firn densification, alteration of the ice thermal state, and water input from the aquifer into the englacial hydrology system, which has the potential to affect ice dynamics and Greenland's contribution to sea level rise. This dataset provides the locations of firn aquifers for the high snow-accumulation regions of the Greenland ice sheet. To achieve this goal, we use NASA Operation IceBridge Accumulation Radar data from six campaigns (2010-2014 and 2017) and the Multichannel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (MCoRDS) from two campaigns (2015-2016). We pick the brighter reflection horizons in the firn which are due to strong dielectric contrasts created by the presence of water. For estimating a total firn-aquifer extent, we delineate polygons around flightlines showing water-saturated firn for the 2010-2017 period combined. With this method, we find a 28,750 km2 total extent. In addition of providing the firn aquifer extents map by the mean of polygons, we also provide yearly files with firn-aquifer coordinates and depth to the water table. This way, the interannual variability can be investigated in places with repeat flightlines for the 2010-2017 time period. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Clément Miège |
author_facet |
Clément Miège |
author_sort |
Clément Miège |
title |
Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
title_short |
Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
title_full |
Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
title_fullStr |
Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial extent of Greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
title_sort |
spatial extent of greenland firn aquifer detected by airborne radars, 2010-2017 |
publisher |
Arctic Data Center |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://search.dataone.org/view/urn:uuid:6323e942-4864-43b5-ae8f-7607768dcc9b |
op_coverage |
Greenland Ice Sheet ENVELOPE(-68.5,-25.0,76.3331,60.0) BEGINDATE: 2010-05-07T00:00:00Z ENDDATE: 2017-05-11T00:00:00Z |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-68.5,-25.0,76.3331,60.0) |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
_version_ |
1800872169295577088 |