Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia
The mere threat of predation may incite behavioral changes in prey that lead to community-wide impacts on productivity, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling. The paucity of experimental manipulations, however, has contributed to controversy over the strength of this pathway in wide-ranging vertebrate...
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Environmental Data Initiative
2021
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Online Access: | https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/699/1 |
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dataone:https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/699/1 2024-06-03T18:46:47+00:00 Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia Meredith S Palmer Cristy Portales-Reyes Caitlin Potter L David Mech Forest Isbell Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve ENVELOPE(-93.16667,-93.16667,45.41667,45.41667) BEGINDATE: 2018-06-05T00:00:00Z ENDDATE: 2018-08-12T00:00:00Z 2021-01-19T00:00:00Z https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/699/1 unknown Environmental Data Initiative trophic dynamics trophic cascades behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades behavioral changes gray wolf white-tailed deer top-down effect non-consumptive effect predation risk Odocoileus Odocoileus virginianus Canis Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus Canis lupus Dataset 2021 dataone:urn:node:EDI 2024-06-03T18:17:00Z The mere threat of predation may incite behavioral changes in prey that lead to community-wide impacts on productivity, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling. The paucity of experimental manipulations, however, has contributed to controversy over the strength of this pathway in wide-ranging vertebrate systems. We investigated whether simulated gray wolf (Canis lupus) presence can induce behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades, specifically, whether the ‘fear’ of wolf olfactory cues alone can change deer foraging behavior in ways that affect plants and soils. Wolves were recently removed from the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (Minnesota, USA), such that consumptively mediated predator effects were negligible. At 32 experimental plots, we crossed two nested treatments: wolf urine application and herbivore exclosures. We deployed camera traps to quantify how white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) adjusted their spatiotemporal habitat use, foraging, and vigilance in response to wolf cues and how these behavioral changes affected plant productivity, plant communities, and soil nutrients. Weekly applications of wolf urine significantly altered deer behavior, but deer responses did not cascade to affect plant or soil properties. Deer substantially reduced crepuscular activity at wolf-simulated sites compared to control locations. As wolves in this area predominantly hunted during mornings and evenings, this response potentially allows deer to maximize landscape use by accessing dangerous areas when temporal threat is low. Our experiment suggests that prey may be sensitive to ‘dynamic’ predation risk that is structured across both space and time and, consequentially, prey use of risky areas during safe times may attenuate behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades at the predator–prey interface. Dataset Canis lupus gray wolf Environmental Data Initiative (via DataONE) Cedar Creek ENVELOPE(-129.954,-129.954,54.598,54.598) ENVELOPE(-93.16667,-93.16667,45.41667,45.41667) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Environmental Data Initiative (via DataONE) |
op_collection_id |
dataone:urn:node:EDI |
language |
unknown |
topic |
trophic dynamics trophic cascades behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades behavioral changes gray wolf white-tailed deer top-down effect non-consumptive effect predation risk Odocoileus Odocoileus virginianus Canis Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus Canis lupus |
spellingShingle |
trophic dynamics trophic cascades behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades behavioral changes gray wolf white-tailed deer top-down effect non-consumptive effect predation risk Odocoileus Odocoileus virginianus Canis Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus Canis lupus Meredith S Palmer Cristy Portales-Reyes Caitlin Potter L David Mech Forest Isbell Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
topic_facet |
trophic dynamics trophic cascades behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades behavioral changes gray wolf white-tailed deer top-down effect non-consumptive effect predation risk Odocoileus Odocoileus virginianus Canis Canis lupus Odocoileus virginianus Canis lupus |
description |
The mere threat of predation may incite behavioral changes in prey that lead to community-wide impacts on productivity, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling. The paucity of experimental manipulations, however, has contributed to controversy over the strength of this pathway in wide-ranging vertebrate systems. We investigated whether simulated gray wolf (Canis lupus) presence can induce behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades, specifically, whether the ‘fear’ of wolf olfactory cues alone can change deer foraging behavior in ways that affect plants and soils. Wolves were recently removed from the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (Minnesota, USA), such that consumptively mediated predator effects were negligible. At 32 experimental plots, we crossed two nested treatments: wolf urine application and herbivore exclosures. We deployed camera traps to quantify how white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) adjusted their spatiotemporal habitat use, foraging, and vigilance in response to wolf cues and how these behavioral changes affected plant productivity, plant communities, and soil nutrients. Weekly applications of wolf urine significantly altered deer behavior, but deer responses did not cascade to affect plant or soil properties. Deer substantially reduced crepuscular activity at wolf-simulated sites compared to control locations. As wolves in this area predominantly hunted during mornings and evenings, this response potentially allows deer to maximize landscape use by accessing dangerous areas when temporal threat is low. Our experiment suggests that prey may be sensitive to ‘dynamic’ predation risk that is structured across both space and time and, consequentially, prey use of risky areas during safe times may attenuate behaviorally-mediated trophic cascades at the predator–prey interface. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Meredith S Palmer Cristy Portales-Reyes Caitlin Potter L David Mech Forest Isbell |
author_facet |
Meredith S Palmer Cristy Portales-Reyes Caitlin Potter L David Mech Forest Isbell |
author_sort |
Meredith S Palmer |
title |
Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
title_short |
Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
title_full |
Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
title_fullStr |
Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data from: Palmer et al. 2021 “Behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” Oecologia |
title_sort |
data from: palmer et al. 2021 “behaviorally mediated trophic cascade attenuated by prey use of risky places at safe times” oecologia |
publisher |
Environmental Data Initiative |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/699/1 |
op_coverage |
Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve ENVELOPE(-93.16667,-93.16667,45.41667,45.41667) BEGINDATE: 2018-06-05T00:00:00Z ENDDATE: 2018-08-12T00:00:00Z |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-129.954,-129.954,54.598,54.598) ENVELOPE(-93.16667,-93.16667,45.41667,45.41667) |
geographic |
Cedar Creek |
geographic_facet |
Cedar Creek |
genre |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
_version_ |
1800871178283253760 |