The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History
The cloud properties and governing processes in Southern Ocean marine boundary layer clouds have emerged as a central issue in understanding the Earth’s climate sensitivity. While the simulated cloud feedbacks in Southern Ocean clouds have evolved in the most recent climate model intercomparison, th...
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2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 |
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crwinnower:10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 2024-06-02T07:57:32+00:00 The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History Mace, Gerald Benson, Sally Sterner, Elizabeth Protat, Alain Humphries, Ruhi S Hallar, Anna Gannet 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 unknown Authorea, Inc. posted-content 2023 crwinnower https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 2024-05-07T14:19:21Z The cloud properties and governing processes in Southern Ocean marine boundary layer clouds have emerged as a central issue in understanding the Earth’s climate sensitivity. While the simulated cloud feedbacks in Southern Ocean clouds have evolved in the most recent climate model intercomparison, the background properties of simulated summertime clouds in the Southern Ocean are not consistent with measurements due to known biases in simulating cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. This paper presents several case studies collected during the Capricorn 2 and Marcus campaigns held aboard Australian research vessels in the Austral Summer of 2018. Combining the surface-observed cases with MODIS data along forward and backward air mass trajectories, we demonstrate the evolution of cloud properties with time. These cases are consistent with multi-year statistics showing that long trajectories of air masses over the Antarctic ice sheet are critical to creating high droplet number clouds in the high latitude summer Southern Ocean. We speculate that secondary aerosol production via the oxidation of biogenically derived aerosol precursor gasses over the high actinic flux region of the high latitude ice sheets is fundamental to maintaining relatively high droplet numbers in Southern Ocean clouds during Summer. Other/Unknown Material Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Southern Ocean The Winnower Antarctic Austral Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
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The Winnower |
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crwinnower |
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description |
The cloud properties and governing processes in Southern Ocean marine boundary layer clouds have emerged as a central issue in understanding the Earth’s climate sensitivity. While the simulated cloud feedbacks in Southern Ocean clouds have evolved in the most recent climate model intercomparison, the background properties of simulated summertime clouds in the Southern Ocean are not consistent with measurements due to known biases in simulating cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. This paper presents several case studies collected during the Capricorn 2 and Marcus campaigns held aboard Australian research vessels in the Austral Summer of 2018. Combining the surface-observed cases with MODIS data along forward and backward air mass trajectories, we demonstrate the evolution of cloud properties with time. These cases are consistent with multi-year statistics showing that long trajectories of air masses over the Antarctic ice sheet are critical to creating high droplet number clouds in the high latitude summer Southern Ocean. We speculate that secondary aerosol production via the oxidation of biogenically derived aerosol precursor gasses over the high actinic flux region of the high latitude ice sheets is fundamental to maintaining relatively high droplet numbers in Southern Ocean clouds during Summer. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Mace, Gerald Benson, Sally Sterner, Elizabeth Protat, Alain Humphries, Ruhi S Hallar, Anna Gannet |
spellingShingle |
Mace, Gerald Benson, Sally Sterner, Elizabeth Protat, Alain Humphries, Ruhi S Hallar, Anna Gannet The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
author_facet |
Mace, Gerald Benson, Sally Sterner, Elizabeth Protat, Alain Humphries, Ruhi S Hallar, Anna Gannet |
author_sort |
Mace, Gerald |
title |
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
title_short |
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
title_full |
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
title_fullStr |
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Association Between Cloud Droplet Number Over the Summer Southern Ocean and Air Mass History |
title_sort |
association between cloud droplet number over the summer southern ocean and air mass history |
publisher |
Authorea, Inc. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170365201.12944621/v1 |
_version_ |
1800740698394198016 |