Rethinking Ecosystems Disturbance Recovery: what it was or what it could have been?

• Main Authors: Dashti, Hamid, Chen, Min, Smith, Bill, Zhao, Kaiguang, Moore, David
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: unknown
• Published: Authorea, Inc. 2024
• Subjects: Arctic; Climate change
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.171379323.31160696/v1

The time it takes for an ecosystem to recover is a key aspect of environmental disturbance. Conventionally, recovery is defined as a return to the pre-disturbance state, assuming ecosystem stationarity. However, this view does not account for the impact of external forces like climate change. We propose a counterfactual approach, viewing recovery as the state the ecosystem would achieve without the disturbance. This redefines recovery time as the period until the ecosystem reaches its counterfactual state. Through a case study on the greening of the Arctic and Boreal regions, we present evidence demonstrating significant disparities between counterfactual and conventional recovery time estimates. The well-documented greening of the region serves as an external force, introducing non-stationary dynamics that result in a counterfactual recovery time twice as long as the conventional view. We advocate for embracing the counterfactual definition of recovery, as it aligns more realistically with informed decision-making.