Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation
Environmental variation among isolated populations can drive genetic differentiation by selection, while isolation alone results primarily in genetic drift. Genetic analyses can aid in identifying genetically isolated populations and population structure of a species across its range. Additionally,...
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2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 |
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crwinnower:10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 2024-06-02T08:01:02+00:00 Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation Patel, Keta Love, Oliver Wellband, Kyle Pogam, Audrey Le Vézina, François Ashley, Noah Fossøy, Frode Winker, Kevin Richter, Melanie Gilchrist, H. Grant Moksnes, Arne Stokke, Bård Withrow, Jack Heath, Daniel 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 unknown Authorea, Inc. posted-content 2023 crwinnower https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 2024-05-07T14:19:30Z Environmental variation among isolated populations can drive genetic differentiation by selection, while isolation alone results primarily in genetic drift. Genetic analyses can aid in identifying genetically isolated populations and population structure of a species across its range. Additionally, such analyses can provide indirect evidence of local adaptation through the comparison of allele frequencies at neutral and functional genetic markers, with the aim of identifying outlier loci consistent with the effects of selection. Here, we examine the genetic divergence and patterns of functional divergence among six breeding populations of arctic-breeding snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis). We genotyped 221 birds at 9 microsatellite markers and at 101 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within known-function genes. We identified substantial population differentiation using both marker types with relatively greater divergence and hence finer population structure using the microsatellite markers. While population structures resulting from the two marker types were in general agreement, functional SNPs showed evidence of stabilizing selection at both global and population pairwise levels, with a few key SNPs showing signatures of pairwise divergent selection, consistent with expectations of local adaptation. The observed complex and inconsistent pattern of pairwise divergence (selection) at key candidate-gene loci may reflect rapid environmental change decoupling locally adapted genotypes from actual local environmental conditions. Our work highlights microevolutionary changes that are likely to be very important not only in arctic-breeding songbirds, but in Arctic and Sub-Arctic vertebrates in general, which are experiencing strong environmental effects from accelerated climate change and human-induced stressors. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Climate change Plectrophenax nivalis The Winnower Arctic |
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description |
Environmental variation among isolated populations can drive genetic differentiation by selection, while isolation alone results primarily in genetic drift. Genetic analyses can aid in identifying genetically isolated populations and population structure of a species across its range. Additionally, such analyses can provide indirect evidence of local adaptation through the comparison of allele frequencies at neutral and functional genetic markers, with the aim of identifying outlier loci consistent with the effects of selection. Here, we examine the genetic divergence and patterns of functional divergence among six breeding populations of arctic-breeding snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis). We genotyped 221 birds at 9 microsatellite markers and at 101 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within known-function genes. We identified substantial population differentiation using both marker types with relatively greater divergence and hence finer population structure using the microsatellite markers. While population structures resulting from the two marker types were in general agreement, functional SNPs showed evidence of stabilizing selection at both global and population pairwise levels, with a few key SNPs showing signatures of pairwise divergent selection, consistent with expectations of local adaptation. The observed complex and inconsistent pattern of pairwise divergence (selection) at key candidate-gene loci may reflect rapid environmental change decoupling locally adapted genotypes from actual local environmental conditions. Our work highlights microevolutionary changes that are likely to be very important not only in arctic-breeding songbirds, but in Arctic and Sub-Arctic vertebrates in general, which are experiencing strong environmental effects from accelerated climate change and human-induced stressors. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Patel, Keta Love, Oliver Wellband, Kyle Pogam, Audrey Le Vézina, François Ashley, Noah Fossøy, Frode Winker, Kevin Richter, Melanie Gilchrist, H. Grant Moksnes, Arne Stokke, Bård Withrow, Jack Heath, Daniel |
spellingShingle |
Patel, Keta Love, Oliver Wellband, Kyle Pogam, Audrey Le Vézina, François Ashley, Noah Fossøy, Frode Winker, Kevin Richter, Melanie Gilchrist, H. Grant Moksnes, Arne Stokke, Bård Withrow, Jack Heath, Daniel Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
author_facet |
Patel, Keta Love, Oliver Wellband, Kyle Pogam, Audrey Le Vézina, François Ashley, Noah Fossøy, Frode Winker, Kevin Richter, Melanie Gilchrist, H. Grant Moksnes, Arne Stokke, Bård Withrow, Jack Heath, Daniel |
author_sort |
Patel, Keta |
title |
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
title_short |
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
title_full |
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
title_fullStr |
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
title_sort |
global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation |
publisher |
Authorea, Inc. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Plectrophenax nivalis |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Plectrophenax nivalis |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169002545.52069674/v1 |
_version_ |
1800745275233402880 |