Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback

Adaptive genetic divergence occurs when selection imposed by the environment causes the genomic component of the phenotype to differentiate. However, genomic signatures of natural selection are usually identified without information on which trait is responding to selection by which selective agent(...

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Main Authors: Strickland, Kasha, Räsänen, Katja, Kristjánsson, Bjarni, Phillips, Joseph, Einarsson, Arni, Snorradóttir, Ragna, Bartrons, Mireia, Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur
Format: Other/Unknown Material
Language:unknown
Published: Authorea, Inc. 2022
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Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1
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spelling crwinnower:10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1 2024-10-06T13:50:03+00:00 Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback Strickland, Kasha Räsänen, Katja Kristjánsson, Bjarni Phillips, Joseph Einarsson, Arni Snorradóttir, Ragna Bartrons, Mireia Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1 unknown Authorea, Inc. posted-content 2022 crwinnower https://doi.org/10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1 2024-09-10T04:29:32Z Adaptive genetic divergence occurs when selection imposed by the environment causes the genomic component of the phenotype to differentiate. However, genomic signatures of natural selection are usually identified without information on which trait is responding to selection by which selective agent(s). Here, we integrate whole-genome-sequencing with phenomics and measures of putative selective agents to assess the extent of adaptive divergence in threespine stickleback occupying the highly heterogeneous lake Mývatn, NE Iceland. We find negligible genome wide divergence, yet multiple traits (body size, gill raker structure and defense traits) were divergent along known ecological gradients (temperature, predatory bird densities and water depth). SNP based heritability of all measured traits was high (h2 = 0.42 – 0.65), indicating adaptive potential for all traits. Whilst environment-association analyses identified thousands of loci putatively involved in selection, related to genes linked to neuron development and protein phosphorylation, only allelic variation linked to pelvic spine length was concurrently linked to environmental variation (water depth) - supporting the conclusion that divergence in pelvic spine length occurred in face of gene flow. Our results suggest that whilst there is substantial genetic variation in the traits measured, phenotypic divergence of Mývatn stickleback is mostly weakly associated with environmental gradients, potentially as a result of substantial gene flow. Our study illustrates the value of integrative studies that combine genomic assays of multivariate trait variation with landscape genomics. Other/Unknown Material Iceland Mývatn The Winnower Mývatn ENVELOPE(-16.985,-16.985,65.600,65.600)
institution Open Polar
collection The Winnower
op_collection_id crwinnower
language unknown
description Adaptive genetic divergence occurs when selection imposed by the environment causes the genomic component of the phenotype to differentiate. However, genomic signatures of natural selection are usually identified without information on which trait is responding to selection by which selective agent(s). Here, we integrate whole-genome-sequencing with phenomics and measures of putative selective agents to assess the extent of adaptive divergence in threespine stickleback occupying the highly heterogeneous lake Mývatn, NE Iceland. We find negligible genome wide divergence, yet multiple traits (body size, gill raker structure and defense traits) were divergent along known ecological gradients (temperature, predatory bird densities and water depth). SNP based heritability of all measured traits was high (h2 = 0.42 – 0.65), indicating adaptive potential for all traits. Whilst environment-association analyses identified thousands of loci putatively involved in selection, related to genes linked to neuron development and protein phosphorylation, only allelic variation linked to pelvic spine length was concurrently linked to environmental variation (water depth) - supporting the conclusion that divergence in pelvic spine length occurred in face of gene flow. Our results suggest that whilst there is substantial genetic variation in the traits measured, phenotypic divergence of Mývatn stickleback is mostly weakly associated with environmental gradients, potentially as a result of substantial gene flow. Our study illustrates the value of integrative studies that combine genomic assays of multivariate trait variation with landscape genomics.
format Other/Unknown Material
author Strickland, Kasha
Räsänen, Katja
Kristjánsson, Bjarni
Phillips, Joseph
Einarsson, Arni
Snorradóttir, Ragna
Bartrons, Mireia
Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur
spellingShingle Strickland, Kasha
Räsänen, Katja
Kristjánsson, Bjarni
Phillips, Joseph
Einarsson, Arni
Snorradóttir, Ragna
Bartrons, Mireia
Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur
Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
author_facet Strickland, Kasha
Räsänen, Katja
Kristjánsson, Bjarni
Phillips, Joseph
Einarsson, Arni
Snorradóttir, Ragna
Bartrons, Mireia
Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur
author_sort Strickland, Kasha
title Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
title_short Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
title_full Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
title_fullStr Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
title_full_unstemmed Genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
title_sort genome-phenotype-environment associations identify signatures of selection in a panmictic population of threespine stickleback
publisher Authorea, Inc.
publishDate 2022
url http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1
long_lat ENVELOPE(-16.985,-16.985,65.600,65.600)
geographic Mývatn
geographic_facet Mývatn
genre Iceland
Mývatn
genre_facet Iceland
Mývatn
op_doi https://doi.org/10.22541/au.165786488.81262349/v1
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