Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation
Arsenic and phosphorus are biochemically very similar, and hence arsenate (As 5+ ) is toxic by interfering with the energy metabolism, in particular during P limitation. However, many phytoplankton detoxify As by reducing arsenate to arsenite (As 3+ ), and/or methylating it to mono and dimethyl As....
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crwiley:10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 2024-06-23T07:54:57+00:00 Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation Wurl, Oliver Zimmer, Louise Cutter, Gregory A. 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2013.58.2.0729 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Limnology and Oceanography volume 58, issue 2, page 729-740 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 journal-article 2013 crwiley https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 2024-06-06T04:24:13Z Arsenic and phosphorus are biochemically very similar, and hence arsenate (As 5+ ) is toxic by interfering with the energy metabolism, in particular during P limitation. However, many phytoplankton detoxify As by reducing arsenate to arsenite (As 3+ ), and/or methylating it to mono and dimethyl As. Such As detoxification becomes operative in oligotrophic waters when phosphate concentrations are below those for As; therefore, we evaluated the potential use of these detoxification products as indicators of P limitation by measuring As speciation during the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic transect. The distribution of As 3+ concentrations in surface waters is similar to that of N : P ratios and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), two conventional proxies for P‐limitation. As 3+ concentrations have a very similar relationship to phosphate as APA to phosphate, and therefore indicate the potential of As 3+ as proxy for P‐limitation. From the relationship to phosphate we derived threshold valuesof As 3+ concentration to indicate moderate and extreme P‐limitation. We then applied these threshold values to assess P‐limitation with high horizontal resolution in the North Atlantic, improving on the contradictory assessments using the conventional proxies. Our new evaluation is consistent with the general concept that the North Atlantic is moderately to extremely limited in phosphate. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Wiley Online Library Limnology and Oceanography 58 2 729 740 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Arsenic and phosphorus are biochemically very similar, and hence arsenate (As 5+ ) is toxic by interfering with the energy metabolism, in particular during P limitation. However, many phytoplankton detoxify As by reducing arsenate to arsenite (As 3+ ), and/or methylating it to mono and dimethyl As. Such As detoxification becomes operative in oligotrophic waters when phosphate concentrations are below those for As; therefore, we evaluated the potential use of these detoxification products as indicators of P limitation by measuring As speciation during the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic transect. The distribution of As 3+ concentrations in surface waters is similar to that of N : P ratios and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), two conventional proxies for P‐limitation. As 3+ concentrations have a very similar relationship to phosphate as APA to phosphate, and therefore indicate the potential of As 3+ as proxy for P‐limitation. From the relationship to phosphate we derived threshold valuesof As 3+ concentration to indicate moderate and extreme P‐limitation. We then applied these threshold values to assess P‐limitation with high horizontal resolution in the North Atlantic, improving on the contradictory assessments using the conventional proxies. Our new evaluation is consistent with the general concept that the North Atlantic is moderately to extremely limited in phosphate. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wurl, Oliver Zimmer, Louise Cutter, Gregory A. |
spellingShingle |
Wurl, Oliver Zimmer, Louise Cutter, Gregory A. Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
author_facet |
Wurl, Oliver Zimmer, Louise Cutter, Gregory A. |
author_sort |
Wurl, Oliver |
title |
Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
title_short |
Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
title_full |
Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
title_fullStr |
Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: Arsenic species as proxies for P‐limitation |
title_sort |
arsenic and phosphorus biogeochemistry in the ocean: arsenic species as proxies for p‐limitation |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2013.58.2.0729 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 58, issue 2, page 729-740 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0729 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
58 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
729 |
op_container_end_page |
740 |
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1802647304742633472 |