Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi
The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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crwiley:10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 2024-09-15T18:28:17+00:00 Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi Bach, Lennart Thomas Riebesell, Ulf Schulz, Kai Georg 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2011.56.6.2040 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Limnology and Oceanography volume 56, issue 6, page 2040-2050 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 journal-article 2011 crwiley https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 2024-07-18T04:26:56Z The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) varied from 2 to 600 Pa (1 Pa ≈ 10 µatm). In the second experiment, pH was kept constant (pH free = 8) with fCO 2 varying from 4 to 370 Pa. Results of the constant‐alkalinity approach revealed physiological optima for growth, calcification, and organic carbon production at fCO 2 values of ~ 20 Pa, ~ 40 Pa, and ~ 80 Pa, respectively. Comparing this with the constant‐pH approach showed that growth and organic carbon production increased similarly from low to intermediate CO 2 levels but started to diverge towards higher CO 2 levels. In the high CO 2 range, growth rates and organic carbon production decreased steadily with declining pH at constant alkalinity while remaining consistently higher at constant pH. This suggests that growth and organic carbon production rates are directly related to CO 2 at low (sub‐saturating) concentrations, whereas towards higher CO 2 levels they are adversely affected by the associated decrease in pH. A pH dependence at high fCO 2 is also indicated for calcification rates, while the key carbonate system parameter determining calcification at low fCO 2 remains unclear. These results imply that key metabolic processes in coccolithophores have their optima at different carbonate chemistry conditions and are influenced by different parameters of the carbonate system at both sides of the optimum. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Wiley Online Library Limnology and Oceanography 56 6 2040 2050 |
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English |
description |
The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO 2 (fCO 2 ) varied from 2 to 600 Pa (1 Pa ≈ 10 µatm). In the second experiment, pH was kept constant (pH free = 8) with fCO 2 varying from 4 to 370 Pa. Results of the constant‐alkalinity approach revealed physiological optima for growth, calcification, and organic carbon production at fCO 2 values of ~ 20 Pa, ~ 40 Pa, and ~ 80 Pa, respectively. Comparing this with the constant‐pH approach showed that growth and organic carbon production increased similarly from low to intermediate CO 2 levels but started to diverge towards higher CO 2 levels. In the high CO 2 range, growth rates and organic carbon production decreased steadily with declining pH at constant alkalinity while remaining consistently higher at constant pH. This suggests that growth and organic carbon production rates are directly related to CO 2 at low (sub‐saturating) concentrations, whereas towards higher CO 2 levels they are adversely affected by the associated decrease in pH. A pH dependence at high fCO 2 is also indicated for calcification rates, while the key carbonate system parameter determining calcification at low fCO 2 remains unclear. These results imply that key metabolic processes in coccolithophores have their optima at different carbonate chemistry conditions and are influenced by different parameters of the carbonate system at both sides of the optimum. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bach, Lennart Thomas Riebesell, Ulf Schulz, Kai Georg |
spellingShingle |
Bach, Lennart Thomas Riebesell, Ulf Schulz, Kai Georg Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
author_facet |
Bach, Lennart Thomas Riebesell, Ulf Schulz, Kai Georg |
author_sort |
Bach, Lennart Thomas |
title |
Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
title_short |
Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
title_full |
Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
title_fullStr |
Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi |
title_sort |
distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore emiliania huxleyi |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2011.56.6.2040 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 56, issue 6, page 2040-2050 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2040 |
op_container_end_page |
2050 |
_version_ |
1810469634779906048 |