Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish
Atlantic salmon living in the brackish Baltic Sea have lower muscle pigmentation than populations elsewhere. The pigment in question is the antioxidant and vitamin A precursor astaxanthin, which is synthesized by crustaceans from algal carotenoids. Baltic salmon feed nearly exclusively on the clupei...
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crwiley:10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 2024-04-14T08:08:57+00:00 Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish Nie, Xiang-Ping Zie, Jenny Häubner, Norbert Tallmark, Bo Snoeijs, Pauline 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2011.56.3.1155 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Limnology and Oceanography volume 56, issue 3, page 1155-1167 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 Aquatic Science Oceanography journal-article 2011 crwiley https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 2024-03-19T10:59:51Z Atlantic salmon living in the brackish Baltic Sea have lower muscle pigmentation than populations elsewhere. The pigment in question is the antioxidant and vitamin A precursor astaxanthin, which is synthesized by crustaceans from algal carotenoids. Baltic salmon feed nearly exclusively on the clupeids sprat and herring. To evaluate astaxanthin availability to salmon we assessed astaxanthin levels and isomeric composition in their prey fish. We also analyzed astaxanthin dynamics in the dominant piscivorous fish in the Baltic Sea, the Atlantic cod. The geometrical E ‐ ( trans ‐) and Z ‐ ( cis ‐) isomers were distributed selectively in fish tissues, with highest E : Z ratios in salmon gonads (82 : 18) and lowest in herring gonads (24 : 76). Sprat and herring are not ideal prey with respect to their high whole‐body concentrations of Z ‐isomers, which have low bioavailability for salmon and cod. These Z ‐isomers predominantly accumulate in the clupeid gonads. A crucial mechanism for the transport of astaxanthin from clupeids to piscivores is the direct transfer of crustacean astaxanthin (mainly all‐ E ) from the clupeid stomachs. Low stomach astaxanthin content in clupeids decreases total astaxanthin transfer to higher trophic levels. In autumn, herring stomachs (including contents) had 12.5 times lower astaxanthin concentrations than sprat stomachs, and herring had 2.8 times less whole‐body all‐ E ‐astaxanthin (by weight) than sprat. These results confirm recent reports of starvation in the Baltic herring, which may further decrease astaxanthin levels in the Baltic salmon. Cod did not have lower astaxanthin levels than their Atlantic counterpart, which may be attributed to their lower need for astaxanthin and higher food diversity. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Atlantic salmon Wiley Online Library Limnology and Oceanography 56 3 1155 1167 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquatic Science Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Aquatic Science Oceanography Nie, Xiang-Ping Zie, Jenny Häubner, Norbert Tallmark, Bo Snoeijs, Pauline Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
topic_facet |
Aquatic Science Oceanography |
description |
Atlantic salmon living in the brackish Baltic Sea have lower muscle pigmentation than populations elsewhere. The pigment in question is the antioxidant and vitamin A precursor astaxanthin, which is synthesized by crustaceans from algal carotenoids. Baltic salmon feed nearly exclusively on the clupeids sprat and herring. To evaluate astaxanthin availability to salmon we assessed astaxanthin levels and isomeric composition in their prey fish. We also analyzed astaxanthin dynamics in the dominant piscivorous fish in the Baltic Sea, the Atlantic cod. The geometrical E ‐ ( trans ‐) and Z ‐ ( cis ‐) isomers were distributed selectively in fish tissues, with highest E : Z ratios in salmon gonads (82 : 18) and lowest in herring gonads (24 : 76). Sprat and herring are not ideal prey with respect to their high whole‐body concentrations of Z ‐isomers, which have low bioavailability for salmon and cod. These Z ‐isomers predominantly accumulate in the clupeid gonads. A crucial mechanism for the transport of astaxanthin from clupeids to piscivores is the direct transfer of crustacean astaxanthin (mainly all‐ E ) from the clupeid stomachs. Low stomach astaxanthin content in clupeids decreases total astaxanthin transfer to higher trophic levels. In autumn, herring stomachs (including contents) had 12.5 times lower astaxanthin concentrations than sprat stomachs, and herring had 2.8 times less whole‐body all‐ E ‐astaxanthin (by weight) than sprat. These results confirm recent reports of starvation in the Baltic herring, which may further decrease astaxanthin levels in the Baltic salmon. Cod did not have lower astaxanthin levels than their Atlantic counterpart, which may be attributed to their lower need for astaxanthin and higher food diversity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nie, Xiang-Ping Zie, Jenny Häubner, Norbert Tallmark, Bo Snoeijs, Pauline |
author_facet |
Nie, Xiang-Ping Zie, Jenny Häubner, Norbert Tallmark, Bo Snoeijs, Pauline |
author_sort |
Nie, Xiang-Ping |
title |
Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
title_short |
Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
title_full |
Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
title_fullStr |
Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
title_full_unstemmed |
Why Baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
title_sort |
why baltic herring and sprat are weak conduits for astaxanthin from zooplankton to piscivorous fish |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.4319%2Flo.2011.56.3.1155 https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 |
genre |
atlantic cod Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Limnology and Oceanography volume 56, issue 3, page 1155-1167 ISSN 0024-3590 1939-5590 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1155 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1155 |
op_container_end_page |
1167 |
_version_ |
1796306397094215680 |