Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland
Grey wolf Canis lupus is often the main predator of moose Alces alces . Therefore it can be expected that moose are able to recognize the presence of wolves and react to them to avoid predation. We examined the effect of predation risk by wolves on movement patterns by moose in eastern Finland where...
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crwiley:10.2981/wlb.00685 2024-04-28T07:53:52+00:00 Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland Pusenius, Jyrki Kukko, Tuomas Melin, Markus Laaksonen, Sauli Kojola, Ilpo Maa- ja MetsätalousministeriÖ 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00685 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2981/wlb.00685 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.2981/wlb.00685 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Wildlife Biology volume 2020, issue 4, page 1-9 ISSN 1903-220X 1903-220X Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00685 2024-04-08T06:52:07Z Grey wolf Canis lupus is often the main predator of moose Alces alces . Therefore it can be expected that moose are able to recognize the presence of wolves and react to them to avoid predation. We examined the effect of predation risk by wolves on movement patterns by moose in eastern Finland where moose and wolves have co‐existed for centuries. The level of wolf predation risk experienced by 20 radio‐collared adult moose was classified according to the proportion of their fixes in wolf territories. Our results suggest that moose adjust their movement speed according to the degree they are exposed to the presence of wolves. The adjustment occurred in summer but not in winter. In summer the moose more exposed to wolves moved faster than the moose less exposed to wolves. Season and the structure of the surrounding forests also affected moose movement patterns. Both movement speed and the linearity of movement decreased in winter and with increasing canopy cover. We suggest that by increased moving when exposed to higher risk of predation moose try to keep distance to the predator and/or try to keep themselves spatially and temporally unpredictable to their predator. Our results differ from those obtained in Scandinavia where no response of moose movement to predation risk by wolves has been detected. It might be that wolves' continuous presence in eastern Finland compared to Scandinavia provide a reason why moose in our study area reacted to the presence of wolves. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Wiley Online Library Wildlife Biology 2020 4 1 9 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
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Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Pusenius, Jyrki Kukko, Tuomas Melin, Markus Laaksonen, Sauli Kojola, Ilpo Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
topic_facet |
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Grey wolf Canis lupus is often the main predator of moose Alces alces . Therefore it can be expected that moose are able to recognize the presence of wolves and react to them to avoid predation. We examined the effect of predation risk by wolves on movement patterns by moose in eastern Finland where moose and wolves have co‐existed for centuries. The level of wolf predation risk experienced by 20 radio‐collared adult moose was classified according to the proportion of their fixes in wolf territories. Our results suggest that moose adjust their movement speed according to the degree they are exposed to the presence of wolves. The adjustment occurred in summer but not in winter. In summer the moose more exposed to wolves moved faster than the moose less exposed to wolves. Season and the structure of the surrounding forests also affected moose movement patterns. Both movement speed and the linearity of movement decreased in winter and with increasing canopy cover. We suggest that by increased moving when exposed to higher risk of predation moose try to keep distance to the predator and/or try to keep themselves spatially and temporally unpredictable to their predator. Our results differ from those obtained in Scandinavia where no response of moose movement to predation risk by wolves has been detected. It might be that wolves' continuous presence in eastern Finland compared to Scandinavia provide a reason why moose in our study area reacted to the presence of wolves. |
author2 |
Maa- ja MetsätalousministeriÖ |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pusenius, Jyrki Kukko, Tuomas Melin, Markus Laaksonen, Sauli Kojola, Ilpo |
author_facet |
Pusenius, Jyrki Kukko, Tuomas Melin, Markus Laaksonen, Sauli Kojola, Ilpo |
author_sort |
Pusenius, Jyrki |
title |
Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
title_short |
Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
title_full |
Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
title_fullStr |
Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern Finland |
title_sort |
wolf predation risk and moose movement in eastern finland |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00685 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2981/wlb.00685 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.2981/wlb.00685 |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_source |
Wildlife Biology volume 2020, issue 4, page 1-9 ISSN 1903-220X 1903-220X |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00685 |
container_title |
Wildlife Biology |
container_volume |
2020 |
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4 |
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1 |
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9 |
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1797573774863761408 |