Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada
Sustainable harvest, the extraction of game without affecting population viability, is a desirable approach to the use of wildlife. However, overharvest has been responsible for the decline of many wildlife populations globally, so there is an urgent need to balance human requirements while avoiding...
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crwiley:10.2981/07-005 2024-09-30T14:33:51+00:00 Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada Gilliland, Scott G. Grant Gilchrist, H. Rockwell, Robert F. Robertson, Gregory J. Savard, Jean‐Pierre L. Merkel, Flemming Mosbech, Anders Pinngortitaleriffik American Museum of Natural History 2009 http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/07-005 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2981/07-005 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.2981/07-005 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Wildlife Biology volume 15, issue 1, page 24-36 ISSN 1903-220X 1903-220X journal-article 2009 crwiley https://doi.org/10.2981/07-005 2024-09-03T04:23:47Z Sustainable harvest, the extraction of game without affecting population viability, is a desirable approach to the use of wildlife. However, overharvest has been responsible for the decline of many wildlife populations globally, so there is an urgent need to balance human requirements while avoiding the severe depletion of wild populations. Northern common eiders Somateria mollissima borealis are heavily hunted in Canada and Greenland, but the effect of this intensive harvest has not been examined. We developed a population model to investigate the sustainability of the reported harvest, which consisted of two wintering areas in Greenland and Atlantic Canada and three breeding populations. The model indicated that harvest in Atlantic Canada was sustainable, but a number of conditions could lead to slow declines. In contrast, the annual winter harvest of 55,000–70,000 eiders reported during 1993–2000 in Greenland was not sustainable, and this conclusion held under a wide range of alternate conditions. The model indicated that harvest during late winter may have a greater effect on populations than harvest in early winter. We further refined the model to assume that at some low population level the success of hunters would decline and that harvest became a function of population size (a rate). This scenario had the expected and undesirable result of stabilizing populations at very low levels. Overall, our model suggests that the high harvest reported in Greenland during 1993–2000 endangers the sustainable use of the northern common eider population and that management actions are required. Common eider harvest levels in Greenland should be reduced by at least 40% of the 1993–2000 levels to stop projected declines, and allow for recovery of the decimated Greenland breeding population. Encouragingly, new hunting regulations were introduced in Greenland in 2002–2004, and harvest levels appear to be decreasing. If these harvest reductions continue, our population model could be used to re‐evaluate the status of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Common Eider Greenland Somateria mollissima Wiley Online Library Canada Greenland Wildlife Biology 15 1 24 36 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Sustainable harvest, the extraction of game without affecting population viability, is a desirable approach to the use of wildlife. However, overharvest has been responsible for the decline of many wildlife populations globally, so there is an urgent need to balance human requirements while avoiding the severe depletion of wild populations. Northern common eiders Somateria mollissima borealis are heavily hunted in Canada and Greenland, but the effect of this intensive harvest has not been examined. We developed a population model to investigate the sustainability of the reported harvest, which consisted of two wintering areas in Greenland and Atlantic Canada and three breeding populations. The model indicated that harvest in Atlantic Canada was sustainable, but a number of conditions could lead to slow declines. In contrast, the annual winter harvest of 55,000–70,000 eiders reported during 1993–2000 in Greenland was not sustainable, and this conclusion held under a wide range of alternate conditions. The model indicated that harvest during late winter may have a greater effect on populations than harvest in early winter. We further refined the model to assume that at some low population level the success of hunters would decline and that harvest became a function of population size (a rate). This scenario had the expected and undesirable result of stabilizing populations at very low levels. Overall, our model suggests that the high harvest reported in Greenland during 1993–2000 endangers the sustainable use of the northern common eider population and that management actions are required. Common eider harvest levels in Greenland should be reduced by at least 40% of the 1993–2000 levels to stop projected declines, and allow for recovery of the decimated Greenland breeding population. Encouragingly, new hunting regulations were introduced in Greenland in 2002–2004, and harvest levels appear to be decreasing. If these harvest reductions continue, our population model could be used to re‐evaluate the status of ... |
author2 |
Pinngortitaleriffik American Museum of Natural History |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gilliland, Scott G. Grant Gilchrist, H. Rockwell, Robert F. Robertson, Gregory J. Savard, Jean‐Pierre L. Merkel, Flemming Mosbech, Anders |
spellingShingle |
Gilliland, Scott G. Grant Gilchrist, H. Rockwell, Robert F. Robertson, Gregory J. Savard, Jean‐Pierre L. Merkel, Flemming Mosbech, Anders Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
author_facet |
Gilliland, Scott G. Grant Gilchrist, H. Rockwell, Robert F. Robertson, Gregory J. Savard, Jean‐Pierre L. Merkel, Flemming Mosbech, Anders |
author_sort |
Gilliland, Scott G. |
title |
Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
title_short |
Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
title_full |
Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
title_fullStr |
Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluating the Sustainability of Harvest Among Northern Common Eiders Somateria Mollissima Borealis in Greenland and Canada |
title_sort |
evaluating the sustainability of harvest among northern common eiders somateria mollissima borealis in greenland and canada |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/07-005 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2981/07-005 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.2981/07-005 |
geographic |
Canada Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Canada Greenland |
genre |
Common Eider Greenland Somateria mollissima |
genre_facet |
Common Eider Greenland Somateria mollissima |
op_source |
Wildlife Biology volume 15, issue 1, page 24-36 ISSN 1903-220X 1903-220X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2981/07-005 |
container_title |
Wildlife Biology |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
24 |
op_container_end_page |
36 |
_version_ |
1811637623402266624 |