Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis
Preformation, the initiation of organs one or more years prior to maturation and function, is reported to be common and crucial for plant survival in arctic and alpine environments, yet the phenomenon is remarkably little studied. In order to understand the role of preformation in the ecology and ev...
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crwiley:10.2307/2446077 2024-09-30T14:30:39+00:00 Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis Diggle, Pamela K. National Science Foundation 1997 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2446077 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.2307%2F2446077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2307/2446077 http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.2307%2F2446077 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor American Journal of Botany volume 84, issue 2, page 154-169 ISSN 0002-9122 1537-2197 journal-article 1997 crwiley https://doi.org/10.2307/2446077 2024-09-19T04:19:15Z Preformation, the initiation of organs one or more years prior to maturation and function, is reported to be common and crucial for plant survival in arctic and alpine environments, yet the phenomenon is remarkably little studied. In order to understand the role of preformation in the ecology and evolution of tundra species, this investigation takes a developmental and architectural approach to the analysis of plant growth and reproduction in the alpine perennial Polygonum viviparum L. Analyses show that the extent and duration of preformation in P. viviparum are extraordinary. Four years are required for each leaf and inflorescence to progress from initiation to functional and structural maturity. This single salient feature of development has profound consequences for basic architecture, dynamics of resource allocation, and the timing of plant responses to environmental variation. As a consequence of the protracted duration of leaf and inflorescence development, five cohorts of primordia, initiated in successive years, are borne simultaneously by an individual plant. In the year prior to maturation leaves reach 30% of their maximum size, and the maximum potential reproductive output of each inflorescence is determined. Thus, developmental processes that affect final morphology and resource allocation occur at least 1 yr before functional maturity. From the developmental and architectural models constructed for P. viviparum, a 1‐yr delay in measurable plant responses to environmental variation is predicted. The models also apply generally to arctic and alpine species and provide a mechanistic explanation for observed patterns of productivity at the community and ecosystem scale. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Polygonum viviparum Tundra Wiley Online Library Arctic American Journal of Botany 84 2 154 169 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Preformation, the initiation of organs one or more years prior to maturation and function, is reported to be common and crucial for plant survival in arctic and alpine environments, yet the phenomenon is remarkably little studied. In order to understand the role of preformation in the ecology and evolution of tundra species, this investigation takes a developmental and architectural approach to the analysis of plant growth and reproduction in the alpine perennial Polygonum viviparum L. Analyses show that the extent and duration of preformation in P. viviparum are extraordinary. Four years are required for each leaf and inflorescence to progress from initiation to functional and structural maturity. This single salient feature of development has profound consequences for basic architecture, dynamics of resource allocation, and the timing of plant responses to environmental variation. As a consequence of the protracted duration of leaf and inflorescence development, five cohorts of primordia, initiated in successive years, are borne simultaneously by an individual plant. In the year prior to maturation leaves reach 30% of their maximum size, and the maximum potential reproductive output of each inflorescence is determined. Thus, developmental processes that affect final morphology and resource allocation occur at least 1 yr before functional maturity. From the developmental and architectural models constructed for P. viviparum, a 1‐yr delay in measurable plant responses to environmental variation is predicted. The models also apply generally to arctic and alpine species and provide a mechanistic explanation for observed patterns of productivity at the community and ecosystem scale. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Diggle, Pamela K. |
spellingShingle |
Diggle, Pamela K. Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
author_facet |
Diggle, Pamela K. |
author_sort |
Diggle, Pamela K. |
title |
Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
title_short |
Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
title_full |
Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
title_fullStr |
Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and Developmental Analysis |
title_sort |
extreme preformation in alpine polygonum viviparum: an architectural and developmental analysis |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2446077 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.2307%2F2446077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2307/2446077 http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.2307%2F2446077 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Polygonum viviparum Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Polygonum viviparum Tundra |
op_source |
American Journal of Botany volume 84, issue 2, page 154-169 ISSN 0002-9122 1537-2197 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2307/2446077 |
container_title |
American Journal of Botany |
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84 |
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2 |
container_start_page |
154 |
op_container_end_page |
169 |
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1811635506375557120 |