Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation on Dentin Slices Are Modulated by Pretreatment of the Surface With Tetracycline or Osteoclasts

• Published in: Journal of Periodontology
• Main Authors: Schwartz, Z., Lohmann, C.H., Wieland, M., Cochran, D.L., Dean, D.D., Textor, M., Bonewald, L.F., Boyan, B.D.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2000
• Subjects: Sperm whale
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2000.71.4.586; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1902/jop.2000.71.4.586

Background: Implant surface roughness and chemical composition, as well as other factors, affect the ability of osteogenic cells to form bone adjacent to an implant. The same principles may also apply to the tooth root and some reports have shown that surface modification of the root may lead to improved restoration of the periodontal apparatus. The most common of these surface modification techniques involves demineralization with citric acid or treatment with tetracycline to expose collagen fibrils. In addition, during normal bone remodeling, osteoclasts demineralize the extracellular matrix, leaving resorption pits and exposed collagen fibrils. In this study, the effect of different dentin surface‐preparation techniques on osteoblasts were compared. Methods: Slices of sperm whale dentin were mechanically polished and surfaces were treated with tetracycline‐HCl (TCN) or were cultured with mouse bone marrow cells to create a surface with osteoclast (OC) resorption pits or left untreated. Profilometry, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the 3 different dentin surfaces. MG63 osteoblast‐like cells were cultured on the 3 different surfaces and the effect of dentin surface preparation technique on MG63 cell proliferation (cell number), differentiaton (alkaline phosphatase specific activity of isolated cells and cell layer lysates; osteocalcin production), and local factor production (transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) compared. Results: Profilometry showed the polished and TCN surfaces were smooth with comparable R a values, whereas the OC surfaces were slightly rougher due to resorption pits which covered 3.7% of the surface. XPS measurements showed that TCN treatment reduced the Ca and P content of the surface, indicating that it had dissolved the mineral. Osteoclast‐resorption also reduced the Ca and P content, but to a lesser extent. MG63 cell proliferation on polished dentin and tissue culture polystyrene was ...