Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests
Interactions between vegetation and fire have the potential to overshadow direct effects of climate change on fire regimes in boreal forests of North America. We develop methods to compare sediment‐charcoal records with fire regimes simulated by an ecological model, ALFRESCO (Alaskan Frame‐based Eco...
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crwiley:10.1890/08-0797.1 2023-12-03T10:20:34+01:00 Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests Brubaker, Linda B. Higuera, Philip E. Rupp, T. Scott Olson, Mark A. Anderson, Patricia M. Hu, Feng Sheng 2009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0797.1 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1890%2F08-0797.1 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/08-0797.1 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecology volume 90, issue 7, page 1788-1801 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2009 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0797.1 2023-11-09T14:15:06Z Interactions between vegetation and fire have the potential to overshadow direct effects of climate change on fire regimes in boreal forests of North America. We develop methods to compare sediment‐charcoal records with fire regimes simulated by an ecological model, ALFRESCO (Alaskan Frame‐based Ecosystem Code) and apply these methods to evaluate potential causes of a mid‐Holocene fire‐regime shift in boreal forests of the south‐central Brooks Range, Alaska, USA. Fire‐return intervals (FRIs, number of years between fires) are estimated over the past 7000 calibrated 14 C years (7–0 kyr BP [before present]) from short‐term variations in charcoal accumulation rates (CHARs) at three lakes, and an index of area burned is inferred from long‐term CHARs at these sites. ALFRESCO simulations of FRIs and annual area burned are based on prescribed vegetation and climate for 7–5 kyr BP and 5–0 kyr BP, inferred from pollen and stomata records and qualitative paleoclimate proxies. Two sets of experiments examine potential causes of increased burning between 7–5 and 5–0 kyr BP. (1) Static‐vegetation scenarios: white spruce dominates with static mean temperature and total precipitation of the growing season for 7–0 kyr BP or with decreased temperature and/or increased precipitation for 5–0 kyr BP. (2) Changed‐vegetation scenarios: black spruce dominates 5–0 kyr BP, with static temperature and precipitation or decreased temperature and/or increased precipitation. Median FRIs decreased between 7–5 and 5–0 kyr BP in empirical data and changed‐vegetation scenarios but remained relatively constant in static‐vegetation scenarios. Median empirical and simulated FRIs are not statistically different for 7–5 kyr BP and for two changed‐vegetation scenarios (temperature decrease, precipitation increase) for 5–0 kyr BP. In these scenarios, cooler temperatures or increased precipitation dampened the effect of increased landscape flammability resulting from the increase in black spruce. CHAR records and all changed‐vegetation scenarios ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Brooks Range Alaska Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) Ecology 90 7 1788 1801 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Brubaker, Linda B. Higuera, Philip E. Rupp, T. Scott Olson, Mark A. Anderson, Patricia M. Hu, Feng Sheng Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
topic_facet |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Interactions between vegetation and fire have the potential to overshadow direct effects of climate change on fire regimes in boreal forests of North America. We develop methods to compare sediment‐charcoal records with fire regimes simulated by an ecological model, ALFRESCO (Alaskan Frame‐based Ecosystem Code) and apply these methods to evaluate potential causes of a mid‐Holocene fire‐regime shift in boreal forests of the south‐central Brooks Range, Alaska, USA. Fire‐return intervals (FRIs, number of years between fires) are estimated over the past 7000 calibrated 14 C years (7–0 kyr BP [before present]) from short‐term variations in charcoal accumulation rates (CHARs) at three lakes, and an index of area burned is inferred from long‐term CHARs at these sites. ALFRESCO simulations of FRIs and annual area burned are based on prescribed vegetation and climate for 7–5 kyr BP and 5–0 kyr BP, inferred from pollen and stomata records and qualitative paleoclimate proxies. Two sets of experiments examine potential causes of increased burning between 7–5 and 5–0 kyr BP. (1) Static‐vegetation scenarios: white spruce dominates with static mean temperature and total precipitation of the growing season for 7–0 kyr BP or with decreased temperature and/or increased precipitation for 5–0 kyr BP. (2) Changed‐vegetation scenarios: black spruce dominates 5–0 kyr BP, with static temperature and precipitation or decreased temperature and/or increased precipitation. Median FRIs decreased between 7–5 and 5–0 kyr BP in empirical data and changed‐vegetation scenarios but remained relatively constant in static‐vegetation scenarios. Median empirical and simulated FRIs are not statistically different for 7–5 kyr BP and for two changed‐vegetation scenarios (temperature decrease, precipitation increase) for 5–0 kyr BP. In these scenarios, cooler temperatures or increased precipitation dampened the effect of increased landscape flammability resulting from the increase in black spruce. CHAR records and all changed‐vegetation scenarios ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brubaker, Linda B. Higuera, Philip E. Rupp, T. Scott Olson, Mark A. Anderson, Patricia M. Hu, Feng Sheng |
author_facet |
Brubaker, Linda B. Higuera, Philip E. Rupp, T. Scott Olson, Mark A. Anderson, Patricia M. Hu, Feng Sheng |
author_sort |
Brubaker, Linda B. |
title |
Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
title_short |
Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
title_full |
Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
title_fullStr |
Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
title_full_unstemmed |
Linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
title_sort |
linking sediment‐charcoal records and ecological modeling to understand causes of fire‐regime change in boreal forests |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0797.1 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1890%2F08-0797.1 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/08-0797.1 |
genre |
Brooks Range Alaska |
genre_facet |
Brooks Range Alaska |
op_source |
Ecology volume 90, issue 7, page 1788-1801 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0797.1 |
container_title |
Ecology |
container_volume |
90 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1788 |
op_container_end_page |
1801 |
_version_ |
1784268014397423616 |