BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA
We applied ecosystem energetics and foraging theory to characterize the spatial extent of the Pribilof Archipelago ecosystem, located in the southeast Bering Sea. From an energetic perspective, an ecosystem is an area within which the predatory demand is in balance with the prey production. From a f...
Published in: | Ecological Applications |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2004
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/03-5016 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1890%2F03-5016 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/03-5016 |
id |
crwiley:10.1890/03-5016 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1890/03-5016 2023-12-03T10:20:21+01:00 BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA Ciannelli, Lorenzo Robson, Bruce W. Francis, Robert C. Aydin, Kerim Brodeur, Richard D. 2004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/03-5016 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1890%2F03-5016 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/03-5016 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecological Applications volume 14, issue 3, page 942-953 ISSN 1051-0761 1939-5582 Ecology journal-article 2004 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5016 2023-11-09T13:59:09Z We applied ecosystem energetics and foraging theory to characterize the spatial extent of the Pribilof Archipelago ecosystem, located in the southeast Bering Sea. From an energetic perspective, an ecosystem is an area within which the predatory demand is in balance with the prey production. From a foraging perspective, an ecosystem boundary should at least include the foraging range of the species that live within it for a portion of their life cycle. The Pribilof Islands are densely populated by species that adopt a central place foraging strategy. Foraging theory predicts that the area traveled by central place foragers (CPF) should extend far enough so that their predatory demands are in balance with prey production. Thus, the spatial extent of an ecosystem, as defined by energetics and the foraging range of constituent species, will require a similar energy balance, and independent assessments should yield similar results. In this study, we compared the area of maximum energy balance, estimated with a food web model during the decade 1990– 2000, with estimates of the foraging range of northern fur seals (the farthest traveling CPF in the Pribilof Islands community) obtained from the literature. From the food web simulations, we estimated that a circle of 100 nautical miles (NM), or 185.2 km, radius encloses the area of highest energy balance and lowest biomass import and that it represents a switch from a piscivorous‐dominated (smaller areas) to a zooplanktivorous‐dominated (larger areas) community. The distance from the breeding site to locations recorded at sea for lactating female fur seals, during the years 1995–1996, ranged from 5.0 to 172.2 NM (9.3–318.9 km), with a median of 97 NM (179.6 km). Thus, ∼50% of the locations recorded for lactating fur seals occurred beyond the area of energy balance estimated by the model, indicating that additional factors can motivate their foraging extent. We propose that energetic constraints set the minimum extent of the Pribilof ecosystem, while the foraging distance ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Sea Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) Bering Sea Ecological Applications 14 3 942 953 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Ecology Ciannelli, Lorenzo Robson, Bruce W. Francis, Robert C. Aydin, Kerim Brodeur, Richard D. BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
topic_facet |
Ecology |
description |
We applied ecosystem energetics and foraging theory to characterize the spatial extent of the Pribilof Archipelago ecosystem, located in the southeast Bering Sea. From an energetic perspective, an ecosystem is an area within which the predatory demand is in balance with the prey production. From a foraging perspective, an ecosystem boundary should at least include the foraging range of the species that live within it for a portion of their life cycle. The Pribilof Islands are densely populated by species that adopt a central place foraging strategy. Foraging theory predicts that the area traveled by central place foragers (CPF) should extend far enough so that their predatory demands are in balance with prey production. Thus, the spatial extent of an ecosystem, as defined by energetics and the foraging range of constituent species, will require a similar energy balance, and independent assessments should yield similar results. In this study, we compared the area of maximum energy balance, estimated with a food web model during the decade 1990– 2000, with estimates of the foraging range of northern fur seals (the farthest traveling CPF in the Pribilof Islands community) obtained from the literature. From the food web simulations, we estimated that a circle of 100 nautical miles (NM), or 185.2 km, radius encloses the area of highest energy balance and lowest biomass import and that it represents a switch from a piscivorous‐dominated (smaller areas) to a zooplanktivorous‐dominated (larger areas) community. The distance from the breeding site to locations recorded at sea for lactating female fur seals, during the years 1995–1996, ranged from 5.0 to 172.2 NM (9.3–318.9 km), with a median of 97 NM (179.6 km). Thus, ∼50% of the locations recorded for lactating fur seals occurred beyond the area of energy balance estimated by the model, indicating that additional factors can motivate their foraging extent. We propose that energetic constraints set the minimum extent of the Pribilof ecosystem, while the foraging distance ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ciannelli, Lorenzo Robson, Bruce W. Francis, Robert C. Aydin, Kerim Brodeur, Richard D. |
author_facet |
Ciannelli, Lorenzo Robson, Bruce W. Francis, Robert C. Aydin, Kerim Brodeur, Richard D. |
author_sort |
Ciannelli, Lorenzo |
title |
BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
title_short |
BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
title_full |
BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
title_fullStr |
BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
title_full_unstemmed |
BOUNDARIES OF OPEN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PRIBILOF ARCHIPELAGO, SOUTHEAST BERING SEA |
title_sort |
boundaries of open marine ecosystems: an application to the pribilof archipelago, southeast bering sea |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/03-5016 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1890%2F03-5016 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/03-5016 |
geographic |
Bering Sea |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea |
genre |
Bering Sea |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea |
op_source |
Ecological Applications volume 14, issue 3, page 942-953 ISSN 1051-0761 1939-5582 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5016 |
container_title |
Ecological Applications |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
942 |
op_container_end_page |
953 |
_version_ |
1784267769859014656 |