Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland
Abstract The volcanic origin, primarily basaltic, of most of the surface material in Iceland influences its physical properties and appearance. Size distributions, shape analyses and melting experiments were made for surface material collected in high‐erosion dust source areas and fresh volcanic ash...
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crwiley:10.1111/sed.12734 2023-12-03T10:24:42+01:00 Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland Butwin, Mary K. Pfeffer, Melissa A. von Löwis, Sibylle Støren, Eivind W. N. Bali, Eniko Thorsteinsson, Throstur Dey, Subhasish Icelandic Centre for Research 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sed.12734 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fsed.12734 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/sed.12734 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Sedimentology volume 67, issue 6, page 3067-3087 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 Stratigraphy Geology General Medicine journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12734 2023-11-09T14:25:36Z Abstract The volcanic origin, primarily basaltic, of most of the surface material in Iceland influences its physical properties and appearance. Size distributions, shape analyses and melting experiments were made for surface material collected in high‐erosion dust source areas and fresh volcanic ash deposits to determine whether they differ from one another and from dust from other major dust sources. The major differences found between Icelandic dust and dust from other major dust sources in the world, such as the Sahara, are in the particle shapes, lower density and darker colour. Icelandic dust particles greater than 20 μm retain volcanic morphological properties that are also found in fresh volcanic ash. Dust and fresh volcanic ash particles less than 20 μm are crystalline and blocky in nature, similar to the dust from other global source regions. The finer grained (<20 μm) Icelandic particles will have similar suspension and transport behaviours and be similarly hazardous to health and infrastructure as non‐Icelandic dust. The coarser particles (>20 μm) will have different suspension and transport behaviours than other dusts due to the volcanic morphology. Icelandic surface material has between 5% and 30% glassy particles compared to fresh volcanic ash which has more than 50% glassy particles. Glassy particles were observed to melt at a lower temperature than the mineral grains; and, as a result, volcanic ash is found to be more threatening to aircraft engines than the typical dust from Iceland. Icelandic dust was observed to be blocky, or plate‐like in the respirable size fraction, suggesting similar health hazards as dust from other regions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) Sedimentology |
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Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) |
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language |
English |
topic |
Stratigraphy Geology General Medicine |
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Stratigraphy Geology General Medicine Butwin, Mary K. Pfeffer, Melissa A. von Löwis, Sibylle Støren, Eivind W. N. Bali, Eniko Thorsteinsson, Throstur Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
topic_facet |
Stratigraphy Geology General Medicine |
description |
Abstract The volcanic origin, primarily basaltic, of most of the surface material in Iceland influences its physical properties and appearance. Size distributions, shape analyses and melting experiments were made for surface material collected in high‐erosion dust source areas and fresh volcanic ash deposits to determine whether they differ from one another and from dust from other major dust sources. The major differences found between Icelandic dust and dust from other major dust sources in the world, such as the Sahara, are in the particle shapes, lower density and darker colour. Icelandic dust particles greater than 20 μm retain volcanic morphological properties that are also found in fresh volcanic ash. Dust and fresh volcanic ash particles less than 20 μm are crystalline and blocky in nature, similar to the dust from other global source regions. The finer grained (<20 μm) Icelandic particles will have similar suspension and transport behaviours and be similarly hazardous to health and infrastructure as non‐Icelandic dust. The coarser particles (>20 μm) will have different suspension and transport behaviours than other dusts due to the volcanic morphology. Icelandic surface material has between 5% and 30% glassy particles compared to fresh volcanic ash which has more than 50% glassy particles. Glassy particles were observed to melt at a lower temperature than the mineral grains; and, as a result, volcanic ash is found to be more threatening to aircraft engines than the typical dust from Iceland. Icelandic dust was observed to be blocky, or plate‐like in the respirable size fraction, suggesting similar health hazards as dust from other regions. |
author2 |
Dey, Subhasish Icelandic Centre for Research |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Butwin, Mary K. Pfeffer, Melissa A. von Löwis, Sibylle Støren, Eivind W. N. Bali, Eniko Thorsteinsson, Throstur |
author_facet |
Butwin, Mary K. Pfeffer, Melissa A. von Löwis, Sibylle Støren, Eivind W. N. Bali, Eniko Thorsteinsson, Throstur |
author_sort |
Butwin, Mary K. |
title |
Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
title_short |
Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
title_full |
Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in Iceland |
title_sort |
properties of dust source material and volcanic ash in iceland |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sed.12734 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fsed.12734 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/sed.12734 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Sedimentology volume 67, issue 6, page 3067-3087 ISSN 0037-0746 1365-3091 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12734 |
container_title |
Sedimentology |
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1784273208917098496 |