The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids
Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra‐ and interspecific competition affects...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/oik.08375 |
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crwiley:10.1111/oik.08375 2024-10-13T14:04:00+00:00 The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sánchez-Hernández, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/oik.08375 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Oikos volume 130, issue 10, page 1679-1691 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 2024-09-23T04:35:12Z Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra‐ and interspecific competition affects trophic resource use and the individual and population niche widths of two lacustrine fish species, Arctic charr and brown trout, covering a 40 year study period with highly contrasting competitive impacts prior to and following a large‐scale fish culling experiment. Initially, an overcrowded Arctic charr population dominated the study system, with brown trout being nearly absent. The culling experiment reduced the littoral Arctic charr density by 80%, whereupon brown trout gradually increased its density in the system. Thus, over the study period, the Arctic charr population went from high to low intraspecific competition, followed by increasing interspecific competition with brown trout. As hypothesized, the relaxed intraspecific competition following the experimental culling reduced individual diet specialization and compressed population niche width of Arctic charr. During the initial increase of the brown trout population, there was a large dietary overlap between the two species. Over the subsequent intensified interspecific competition from the population build‐up of brown trout, their trophic niche overlap chiefly declined due to a dietary shift of Arctic charr towards enhanced zooplankton consumption. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the individual and population niche widths of Arctic charr increased with intensified interspecific competition. In contrast, the diet and niche width of brown trout remained stable over time, confirming its competitive superiority. The large‐scale culling experiment and associated long‐term research revealed pronounced temporal dynamics in trophic niche and resource use of the inferior competitor, substantiating that intra‐ and interspecific competition have large and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton Wiley Online Library Arctic Oikos 130 10 1679 1691 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra‐ and interspecific competition affects trophic resource use and the individual and population niche widths of two lacustrine fish species, Arctic charr and brown trout, covering a 40 year study period with highly contrasting competitive impacts prior to and following a large‐scale fish culling experiment. Initially, an overcrowded Arctic charr population dominated the study system, with brown trout being nearly absent. The culling experiment reduced the littoral Arctic charr density by 80%, whereupon brown trout gradually increased its density in the system. Thus, over the study period, the Arctic charr population went from high to low intraspecific competition, followed by increasing interspecific competition with brown trout. As hypothesized, the relaxed intraspecific competition following the experimental culling reduced individual diet specialization and compressed population niche width of Arctic charr. During the initial increase of the brown trout population, there was a large dietary overlap between the two species. Over the subsequent intensified interspecific competition from the population build‐up of brown trout, their trophic niche overlap chiefly declined due to a dietary shift of Arctic charr towards enhanced zooplankton consumption. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the individual and population niche widths of Arctic charr increased with intensified interspecific competition. In contrast, the diet and niche width of brown trout remained stable over time, confirming its competitive superiority. The large‐scale culling experiment and associated long‐term research revealed pronounced temporal dynamics in trophic niche and resource use of the inferior competitor, substantiating that intra‐ and interspecific competition have large and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sánchez-Hernández, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne |
spellingShingle |
Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sánchez-Hernández, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
author_facet |
Prati, Sebastian Henriksen, Eirik Haugstvedt Smalås, Aslak Knudsen, Rune Klemetsen, Anders Sánchez-Hernández, Javier Amundsen, Per-Arne |
author_sort |
Prati, Sebastian |
title |
The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_short |
The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_full |
The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_fullStr |
The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
title_sort |
effect of inter‐ and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four‐decade study on two interacting salmonids |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/oik.08375 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/oik.08375 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Zooplankton |
op_source |
Oikos volume 130, issue 10, page 1679-1691 ISSN 0030-1299 1600-0706 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08375 |
container_title |
Oikos |
container_volume |
130 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
1679 |
op_container_end_page |
1691 |
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1812809183994576896 |