Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species
Abstract Understanding ecological interactions among protected species is crucial for correct management to avoid conflicting outcomes of conservation planning. The occurrence of a superior competitor may drive the exclusion of a subordinate contestant, as in Sicily where the largest European popula...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fjzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 |
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crwiley:10.1111/jzo.12340 2023-12-03T10:28:44+01:00 Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species Sarà, M. Mascara, R. López‐López, P. Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fjzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Zoology volume 299, issue 3, page 163-171 ISSN 0952-8369 1469-7998 Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2016 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12340 2023-11-09T13:31:27Z Abstract Understanding ecological interactions among protected species is crucial for correct management to avoid conflicting outcomes of conservation planning. The occurrence of a superior competitor may drive the exclusion of a subordinate contestant, as in Sicily where the largest European population of the lanner falcon is declining because of potentially competing with the peregrine falcon. We measured the coexistence of these two ecologically equivalent species through null models and randomization algorithms on body sizes and ecological niche traits. Lanners and peregrines are morphologically very similar (Hutchinson ratios <1.3) and show 99% diet overlap, and both of these results predict competitive exclusion. In contrast, their use of diverse cliff substrates for breeding in different times of the season would predict coexistence. To compare these two mutually excluding hypotheses, we examined the pattern of inter‐specific transitions in 88 sites that were studied for 14 years (2000–2013) using a Markov chain (MC) occupancy state model, and checked the sensitivity and elasticity of the community structure to changes in transition probabilities. During the study period, 1144 territorial transitions occurred in peregrine and lanner territories, and the MCs were predicted to converge to a stable equilibrium in 2065. Markovian analysis suggested that temporal and spatial segregation of habitat during reproduction might prevail over anatomical specialization for hunting and diet, allowing species coexistence, despite the prediction that peregrines will outnumber the lanners in future projections. Our approach combining niche‐overlap analysis and species occupancy modelling led to practical information about conservation options available for the threatened lanner. Lanners are very sensitive to site abandonment, and measures increasing adult persistence in occupied territories could be more rewarding than those encouraging juvenile dispersal and colonization of new sites. Article in Journal/Newspaper peregrine falcon Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) Journal of Zoology 299 3 163 171 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Sarà, M. Mascara, R. López‐López, P. Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
topic_facet |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Abstract Understanding ecological interactions among protected species is crucial for correct management to avoid conflicting outcomes of conservation planning. The occurrence of a superior competitor may drive the exclusion of a subordinate contestant, as in Sicily where the largest European population of the lanner falcon is declining because of potentially competing with the peregrine falcon. We measured the coexistence of these two ecologically equivalent species through null models and randomization algorithms on body sizes and ecological niche traits. Lanners and peregrines are morphologically very similar (Hutchinson ratios <1.3) and show 99% diet overlap, and both of these results predict competitive exclusion. In contrast, their use of diverse cliff substrates for breeding in different times of the season would predict coexistence. To compare these two mutually excluding hypotheses, we examined the pattern of inter‐specific transitions in 88 sites that were studied for 14 years (2000–2013) using a Markov chain (MC) occupancy state model, and checked the sensitivity and elasticity of the community structure to changes in transition probabilities. During the study period, 1144 territorial transitions occurred in peregrine and lanner territories, and the MCs were predicted to converge to a stable equilibrium in 2065. Markovian analysis suggested that temporal and spatial segregation of habitat during reproduction might prevail over anatomical specialization for hunting and diet, allowing species coexistence, despite the prediction that peregrines will outnumber the lanners in future projections. Our approach combining niche‐overlap analysis and species occupancy modelling led to practical information about conservation options available for the threatened lanner. Lanners are very sensitive to site abandonment, and measures increasing adult persistence in occupied territories could be more rewarding than those encouraging juvenile dispersal and colonization of new sites. |
author2 |
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarà, M. Mascara, R. López‐López, P. |
author_facet |
Sarà, M. Mascara, R. López‐López, P. |
author_sort |
Sarà, M. |
title |
Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
title_short |
Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
title_full |
Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
title_fullStr |
Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by Markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
title_sort |
understanding the coexistence of competing raptors by markov chain analysis enhances conservation of vulnerable species |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fjzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/jzo.12340 https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jzo.12340 |
genre |
peregrine falcon |
genre_facet |
peregrine falcon |
op_source |
Journal of Zoology volume 299, issue 3, page 163-171 ISSN 0952-8369 1469-7998 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12340 |
container_title |
Journal of Zoology |
container_volume |
299 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
163 |
op_container_end_page |
171 |
_version_ |
1784253575493320704 |