INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993
Abstract— Exceptionally low total ozone, up to 40% below the normal level, was measured over Northern Europe during winter and spring in 1992 and 1993. In 1993 the depletion persisted up to the end of May, resulting in a significant increase of biologically effective UV radiation. The increases were...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x 2023-12-03T10:27:46+01:00 INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 Jokela, Kari Leszczynski, Kirsti Visuri, Reijo Ylianttila, Lasse 1995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Photochemistry and Photobiology volume 62, issue 1, page 101-107 ISSN 0031-8655 1751-1097 Physical and Theoretical Chemistry General Medicine Biochemistry journal-article 1995 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x 2023-11-09T13:51:27Z Abstract— Exceptionally low total ozone, up to 40% below the normal level, was measured over Northern Europe during winter and spring in 1992 and 1993. In 1993 the depletion persisted up to the end of May, resulting in a significant increase of biologically effective UV radiation. The increases were significantly smaller in 1992 and 1994 than in 1993. The UV exposure of the Finnish population was evaluated through measurements and theoretical calculations. The increase in measured erythemal (International Lighting Commission) UV falling onto horizontal surfaces on clear days was determined relative to model calculations for an average ozone amount. The increase was on average 10% from April to May 1993, and the maximal measured increase was 34%. Theoretical calculations for both erythemal and carcinogenic (Skin Cancer Utrecht‐Philadelphia) UV indicated that in 1993 the theoretical annual increase to a vertical (cylinder) surface ranged from 8 to 13% in Finland. The reflection of UV from snow considerably increases facial UV doses in Northern Finland. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) Photochemistry and Photobiology 62 1 101 107 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry General Medicine Biochemistry |
spellingShingle |
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry General Medicine Biochemistry Jokela, Kari Leszczynski, Kirsti Visuri, Reijo Ylianttila, Lasse INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
topic_facet |
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry General Medicine Biochemistry |
description |
Abstract— Exceptionally low total ozone, up to 40% below the normal level, was measured over Northern Europe during winter and spring in 1992 and 1993. In 1993 the depletion persisted up to the end of May, resulting in a significant increase of biologically effective UV radiation. The increases were significantly smaller in 1992 and 1994 than in 1993. The UV exposure of the Finnish population was evaluated through measurements and theoretical calculations. The increase in measured erythemal (International Lighting Commission) UV falling onto horizontal surfaces on clear days was determined relative to model calculations for an average ozone amount. The increase was on average 10% from April to May 1993, and the maximal measured increase was 34%. Theoretical calculations for both erythemal and carcinogenic (Skin Cancer Utrecht‐Philadelphia) UV indicated that in 1993 the theoretical annual increase to a vertical (cylinder) surface ranged from 8 to 13% in Finland. The reflection of UV from snow considerably increases facial UV doses in Northern Finland. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jokela, Kari Leszczynski, Kirsti Visuri, Reijo Ylianttila, Lasse |
author_facet |
Jokela, Kari Leszczynski, Kirsti Visuri, Reijo Ylianttila, Lasse |
author_sort |
Jokela, Kari |
title |
INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
title_short |
INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
title_full |
INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
title_fullStr |
INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
title_full_unstemmed |
INCREASED UV EXPOSURE IN FINLAND IN 1993 |
title_sort |
increased uv exposure in finland in 1993 |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1995 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_source |
Photochemistry and Photobiology volume 62, issue 1, page 101-107 ISSN 0031-8655 1751-1097 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb05245.x |
container_title |
Photochemistry and Photobiology |
container_volume |
62 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
101 |
op_container_end_page |
107 |
_version_ |
1784277660118024192 |