Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history
Life‐history theory allows predictions of how changes in environmental selection pressures along a species' geographic distribution result in discrete shifts in life‐history traits. We tested for spatial patterns of 24 populations of brown bears Ursus arctos across North America that grouped ac...
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x 2024-03-31T07:55:41+00:00 Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history Ferguson, Steven H. McLoughlin, Philip D. 2000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecography volume 23, issue 2, page 193-200 ISSN 0906-7590 1600-0587 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2000 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x 2024-03-04T13:00:41Z Life‐history theory allows predictions of how changes in environmental selection pressures along a species' geographic distribution result in discrete shifts in life‐history traits. We tested for spatial patterns of 24 populations of brown bears Ursus arctos across North America that grouped according to the following environmental and population parameters: evapotranspiration as a correlate of primary productivity of vegetation, coefficient of variation of monthly evapotranspiration values as a measure of seasonality. population density, and adult female weight. Cluster analysis grouped brown bear populations into two regions: Pacific‐coastal populations characterized by high population density and large females that lived in areas of high primary productivity and low seasonality. and inland and barren‐ground populations characterized by relatively low density and small bears that lived in areas of low productivity and high seasonality. For each region, we tested whether life‐history traits (age at maturity and interbirth interval) related to primary productivity or seasonality. High altitude (interior: > 1000 m) and high latitude (barren‐ground; >65°N) populations respond to extremes in seasonality with risk‐spreading adaptations. For example, age at maturity and interbirth interval increased with greater seasonality. In contrast, Pacific‐coastal populations living on the western edge of brown bear geographic range respond to intraspecific competition at high densities by maximizing offspring competitive ability. For example, age at maturity increased with greater primary productivity and high population density. In each region, the female parent decided on the life‐history trade‐offs required to reduce the risks of offspring mortality depending on the environmental pattern. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Wiley Online Library Pacific Ecography 23 2 193 200 |
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collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ferguson, Steven H. McLoughlin, Philip D. Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
topic_facet |
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Life‐history theory allows predictions of how changes in environmental selection pressures along a species' geographic distribution result in discrete shifts in life‐history traits. We tested for spatial patterns of 24 populations of brown bears Ursus arctos across North America that grouped according to the following environmental and population parameters: evapotranspiration as a correlate of primary productivity of vegetation, coefficient of variation of monthly evapotranspiration values as a measure of seasonality. population density, and adult female weight. Cluster analysis grouped brown bear populations into two regions: Pacific‐coastal populations characterized by high population density and large females that lived in areas of high primary productivity and low seasonality. and inland and barren‐ground populations characterized by relatively low density and small bears that lived in areas of low productivity and high seasonality. For each region, we tested whether life‐history traits (age at maturity and interbirth interval) related to primary productivity or seasonality. High altitude (interior: > 1000 m) and high latitude (barren‐ground; >65°N) populations respond to extremes in seasonality with risk‐spreading adaptations. For example, age at maturity and interbirth interval increased with greater seasonality. In contrast, Pacific‐coastal populations living on the western edge of brown bear geographic range respond to intraspecific competition at high densities by maximizing offspring competitive ability. For example, age at maturity increased with greater primary productivity and high population density. In each region, the female parent decided on the life‐history trade‐offs required to reduce the risks of offspring mortality depending on the environmental pattern. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ferguson, Steven H. McLoughlin, Philip D. |
author_facet |
Ferguson, Steven H. McLoughlin, Philip D. |
author_sort |
Ferguson, Steven H. |
title |
Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
title_short |
Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
title_full |
Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
title_fullStr |
Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
title_sort |
effect of energy availability, seasonality, and geographic range on brown bear life history |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Ecography volume 23, issue 2, page 193-200 ISSN 0906-7590 1600-0587 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2000.tb00275.x |
container_title |
Ecography |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
193 |
op_container_end_page |
200 |
_version_ |
1795037878332424192 |