The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide
Three vital respiratory gases—oxygen (O 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )—intersect at the level of the human red blood cell (RBC). In addition to hemoglobin (Hb)'s central role in O 2 transport, interaction of Hb with the Band 3 metabolon balances RBC energy flow. 2,3‐Diphosph...
Published in: | Transfusion |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2011
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x |
id |
crwiley:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x 2024-06-23T07:50:40+00:00 The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide Dzik, Walter H. 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Transfusion volume 51, issue 4, page 676-685 ISSN 0041-1132 1537-2995 journal-article 2011 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x 2024-06-11T04:43:24Z Three vital respiratory gases—oxygen (O 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )—intersect at the level of the human red blood cell (RBC). In addition to hemoglobin (Hb)'s central role in O 2 transport, interaction of Hb with the Band 3 metabolon balances RBC energy flow. 2,3‐Diphosphoglycerate enhances O 2 transport across the placenta and plays an important role in regulating RBC plasticity. NO is a key mediator of hypoxic vasodilation, but the precise role of RBC Hb remains controversial. In addition to established theories that depend on RBC uptake, delivery, and discharge of NO or its metabolites, an alternative hypothesis based on RBC permeability is suggested. NO depletion by free Hb may account for several clinical features seen during intravascular hemolysis or during deliberate infusion of Hb solutions used as RBC substitutes. CO 2 released by tissues triggers oxygen release through a series of well‐coordinated reactions centered on the Band 3 metabolon. While RBC carbonic anhydrase and the Band 3 anion exchanger are central to this process, there is surprisingly little research on the kinetics of CO 2 clearance by transfusion. The three RBC gases are directly related to the three principal gases of Earth's atmosphere. Human fossil fuel consumption dumps 90 million metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere annually. Increasing CO 2 levels are linked to global warming, melting Arctic ice, rising sea levels, and climate instability. Just as individual cells depend on balance of the three vital gases, so too will their balance determine survival of life on Earth. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Global warming Wiley Online Library Arctic Transfusion 51 4 676 685 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Three vital respiratory gases—oxygen (O 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )—intersect at the level of the human red blood cell (RBC). In addition to hemoglobin (Hb)'s central role in O 2 transport, interaction of Hb with the Band 3 metabolon balances RBC energy flow. 2,3‐Diphosphoglycerate enhances O 2 transport across the placenta and plays an important role in regulating RBC plasticity. NO is a key mediator of hypoxic vasodilation, but the precise role of RBC Hb remains controversial. In addition to established theories that depend on RBC uptake, delivery, and discharge of NO or its metabolites, an alternative hypothesis based on RBC permeability is suggested. NO depletion by free Hb may account for several clinical features seen during intravascular hemolysis or during deliberate infusion of Hb solutions used as RBC substitutes. CO 2 released by tissues triggers oxygen release through a series of well‐coordinated reactions centered on the Band 3 metabolon. While RBC carbonic anhydrase and the Band 3 anion exchanger are central to this process, there is surprisingly little research on the kinetics of CO 2 clearance by transfusion. The three RBC gases are directly related to the three principal gases of Earth's atmosphere. Human fossil fuel consumption dumps 90 million metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere annually. Increasing CO 2 levels are linked to global warming, melting Arctic ice, rising sea levels, and climate instability. Just as individual cells depend on balance of the three vital gases, so too will their balance determine survival of life on Earth. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dzik, Walter H. |
spellingShingle |
Dzik, Walter H. The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
author_facet |
Dzik, Walter H. |
author_sort |
Dzik, Walter H. |
title |
The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
title_short |
The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
title_full |
The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
title_fullStr |
The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
title_full_unstemmed |
The air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
title_sort |
air we breathe: three vital respiratory gases and the red blood cell: oxygen, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1537-2995.2011.03114.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Global warming |
genre_facet |
Arctic Global warming |
op_source |
Transfusion volume 51, issue 4, page 676-685 ISSN 0041-1132 1537-2995 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03114.x |
container_title |
Transfusion |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
676 |
op_container_end_page |
685 |
_version_ |
1802641583390064640 |