Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1
Sea ice is the dominant feature of polar oceans and contains significant quantities of microalgae. When sea ice forms and melts, the microalgal cells within the ice matrix are exposed to altered salinity and irradiance conditions, and subsequently, their photosynthetic apparatuses become stressed. T...
Published in: | Journal of Phycology |
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x 2024-06-23T07:46:35+00:00 Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 Ralph, Peter J. Ryan, Ken G. Martin, Andrew Fenton, Glenn 2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1529-8817.2007.00382.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Phycology volume 43, issue 5, page 948-956 ISSN 0022-3646 1529-8817 journal-article 2007 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x 2024-06-04T06:44:47Z Sea ice is the dominant feature of polar oceans and contains significant quantities of microalgae. When sea ice forms and melts, the microalgal cells within the ice matrix are exposed to altered salinity and irradiance conditions, and subsequently, their photosynthetic apparatuses become stressed. To simulate the effect of ice formation and melting, samples of sea‐ice algae from Cape Hallett (Antarctica) were exposed to altered salinity conditions and incubated under different levels of irradiance. The physiological condition of their photosynthetic apparatuses was monitored using fast and slow fluorescence‐induction kinetics. Sea‐ice algae exhibited the least photosynthetic stress when maintained in 35‰ and 51‰ salinity, whereas 16, 21, and 65‰ treatments resulted in significant photosynthetic stress. The greatest photosynthetic impact appeared on PSII, resulting in substantial closure of PSII reaction centers when exposed to extreme salinity treatments. Salinity stress to sea‐ice algae was light dependent, such that incubated samples only suffered photosynthetic damage when irradiance was applied. Analysis of fast‐induction curves showed reductions in J, I, and P transients (or steps) associated with combined salinity and irradiance stress. This stress manifests itself in the limited capacity for the reduction of the primary electron receptor, Q A , and the plastoquinone pool, which ultimately inhibited effective quantum yield of PSII and electron transport rate. These results suggest that sea‐ice algae undergo greater photosynthetic stress during the process of melting into the hyposaline meltwater lens at the ice edge during summer than do microalgae cells during their incorporation into the ice matrix during the process of freezing. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica ice algae Sea ice Wiley Online Library Cape Hallett ENVELOPE(170.217,170.217,-72.317,-72.317) Hallett ENVELOPE(170.217,170.217,-72.317,-72.317) Journal of Phycology 43 5 948 956 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Sea ice is the dominant feature of polar oceans and contains significant quantities of microalgae. When sea ice forms and melts, the microalgal cells within the ice matrix are exposed to altered salinity and irradiance conditions, and subsequently, their photosynthetic apparatuses become stressed. To simulate the effect of ice formation and melting, samples of sea‐ice algae from Cape Hallett (Antarctica) were exposed to altered salinity conditions and incubated under different levels of irradiance. The physiological condition of their photosynthetic apparatuses was monitored using fast and slow fluorescence‐induction kinetics. Sea‐ice algae exhibited the least photosynthetic stress when maintained in 35‰ and 51‰ salinity, whereas 16, 21, and 65‰ treatments resulted in significant photosynthetic stress. The greatest photosynthetic impact appeared on PSII, resulting in substantial closure of PSII reaction centers when exposed to extreme salinity treatments. Salinity stress to sea‐ice algae was light dependent, such that incubated samples only suffered photosynthetic damage when irradiance was applied. Analysis of fast‐induction curves showed reductions in J, I, and P transients (or steps) associated with combined salinity and irradiance stress. This stress manifests itself in the limited capacity for the reduction of the primary electron receptor, Q A , and the plastoquinone pool, which ultimately inhibited effective quantum yield of PSII and electron transport rate. These results suggest that sea‐ice algae undergo greater photosynthetic stress during the process of melting into the hyposaline meltwater lens at the ice edge during summer than do microalgae cells during their incorporation into the ice matrix during the process of freezing. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ralph, Peter J. Ryan, Ken G. Martin, Andrew Fenton, Glenn |
spellingShingle |
Ralph, Peter J. Ryan, Ken G. Martin, Andrew Fenton, Glenn Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
author_facet |
Ralph, Peter J. Ryan, Ken G. Martin, Andrew Fenton, Glenn |
author_sort |
Ralph, Peter J. |
title |
Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
title_short |
Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
title_full |
Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
title_fullStr |
Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
title_sort |
melting out of sea ice causes greater photosynthetic stress in algae than freezing in 1 |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1529-8817.2007.00382.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(170.217,170.217,-72.317,-72.317) ENVELOPE(170.217,170.217,-72.317,-72.317) |
geographic |
Cape Hallett Hallett |
geographic_facet |
Cape Hallett Hallett |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Phycology volume 43, issue 5, page 948-956 ISSN 0022-3646 1529-8817 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00382.x |
container_title |
Journal of Phycology |
container_volume |
43 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
948 |
op_container_end_page |
956 |
_version_ |
1802646875816329216 |