Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis
Summary Fragilariopsis is a dominating psychrophilic diatom genus in polar sea ice. The two species Fragilariopsis cylindrus and Fragilariopsis curta are able to grow and divide below freezing temperature of sea water and above average sea water salinity. Here we show that antifreeze proteins (AFPs)...
Published in: | Environmental Microbiology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2009.02149.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x/fullpdf |
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crwiley:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x 2024-10-13T14:10:42+00:00 Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis Bayer‐Giraldi, Maddalena Uhlig, Christiane John, Uwe Mock, Thomas Valentin, Klaus 2010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2009.02149.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x/fullpdf en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Environmental Microbiology volume 12, issue 4, page 1041-1052 ISSN 1462-2912 1462-2920 journal-article 2010 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x 2024-09-17T04:52:02Z Summary Fragilariopsis is a dominating psychrophilic diatom genus in polar sea ice. The two species Fragilariopsis cylindrus and Fragilariopsis curta are able to grow and divide below freezing temperature of sea water and above average sea water salinity. Here we show that antifreeze proteins (AFPs), involved in cold adaptation in several psychrophilic organisms, are widespread in the two polar species. The presence of AFP genes ( afp s) as a multigene family indicated the importance of this group of genes for the genus Fragilariopsis , possibly contributing to its success in sea ice. Protein phylogeny showed the potential mobility of afp s, which appear to have crossed kingdom and domain borders, occurring in Bacteria , diatoms, crustaceans and fungi. Our results revealed a broad distribution of AFPs not only in polar organisms but also in taxa apparently not related to cold environments, suggesting that these proteins may be multifunctional. The relevance of AFPs to Fragilariopsis was also shown by gene expression analysis. Under stress conditions typical for sea ice, with subzero temperatures and high salinities, F. cylindrus and F. curta strongly expressed selected afp s. An E/G point mutation in the Fragilariopsis AFPs may play a role in gene expression activity and protein function. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Wiley Online Library Environmental Microbiology 12 4 1041 1052 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Summary Fragilariopsis is a dominating psychrophilic diatom genus in polar sea ice. The two species Fragilariopsis cylindrus and Fragilariopsis curta are able to grow and divide below freezing temperature of sea water and above average sea water salinity. Here we show that antifreeze proteins (AFPs), involved in cold adaptation in several psychrophilic organisms, are widespread in the two polar species. The presence of AFP genes ( afp s) as a multigene family indicated the importance of this group of genes for the genus Fragilariopsis , possibly contributing to its success in sea ice. Protein phylogeny showed the potential mobility of afp s, which appear to have crossed kingdom and domain borders, occurring in Bacteria , diatoms, crustaceans and fungi. Our results revealed a broad distribution of AFPs not only in polar organisms but also in taxa apparently not related to cold environments, suggesting that these proteins may be multifunctional. The relevance of AFPs to Fragilariopsis was also shown by gene expression analysis. Under stress conditions typical for sea ice, with subzero temperatures and high salinities, F. cylindrus and F. curta strongly expressed selected afp s. An E/G point mutation in the Fragilariopsis AFPs may play a role in gene expression activity and protein function. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bayer‐Giraldi, Maddalena Uhlig, Christiane John, Uwe Mock, Thomas Valentin, Klaus |
spellingShingle |
Bayer‐Giraldi, Maddalena Uhlig, Christiane John, Uwe Mock, Thomas Valentin, Klaus Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
author_facet |
Bayer‐Giraldi, Maddalena Uhlig, Christiane John, Uwe Mock, Thomas Valentin, Klaus |
author_sort |
Bayer‐Giraldi, Maddalena |
title |
Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
title_short |
Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
title_full |
Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
title_fullStr |
Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus Fragilariopsis |
title_sort |
antifreeze proteins in polar sea ice diatoms: diversity and gene expression in the genus fragilariopsis |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fj.1462-2920.2009.02149.x http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x/fullpdf |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Environmental Microbiology volume 12, issue 4, page 1041-1052 ISSN 1462-2912 1462-2920 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02149.x |
container_title |
Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1041 |
op_container_end_page |
1052 |
_version_ |
1812818103124361216 |